National clothing in Norway BUNAD. Men's costume Norwegian national costume crafts fair

Norway is perhaps the best country for adventure tourism in Europe. It has it all: mountains for mountaineers, rock climbers and snowboarders, year-round snow resorts for skiers and snowboarders, excellent roads for cyclists and longboarders, updrafts for paragliders, rivers for kayakers and rafters, sea and fjords for yachtsmen and surfers. This list can be continued for a very long time.

Voss Extreme Sport Ekstremsportveko 2014 Today"s Video Torsdag 22 06 14

The video, compiled from material filmed during the annual Extreme sport veko festival, held in the small village of Voss, gives a complete picture of Norway's possibilities for extreme sports. All the madness happening on video was filmed over the course of one week in an area within 20 kilometers of Voss

Of course, Norway also has amazing conditions for trekking (as hiking is now commonly called). We will talk about it in this article.

Trekking in Norway. Why is it worth going?

Fjords, the Wall and the Troll Trail, glaciers, the Lofoten Islands, huge waterfalls, high-altitude tundra, wild taiga, almost untouched wildlife, Mount Galdhopiggen - the highest point in the country, amazing geological formations formed during the glaciation era, the turquoise ice of Nigardsbriin and Norway is ready to offer much, much more to the most sophisticated travelers.

Mainland Norway is located between latitudes 57° and 72° north and longitudes 4° and 31° east. The northernmost point of Europe - the North Cape - belongs to Norway. It is washed by the waters of the Atlantic (in the west and south) and Arctic oceans. The coastline is 25,148 km long due to numerous fjords that extend deep into the mainland. The amazing topography of the country was formed due to glaciation in the Quaternary period.

The climate is maritime. This means a huge amount of precipitation, sudden and frequent changes in weather. Average January temperatures range from −17°C in northern Norway in the city of Karashuk to +1.5°C on the southwestern coast of the country. Average July temperatures are around +7°C in the north and around +17°C in the south in Oslo. The warm Norwegian Current has a huge impact on the country's climate, thanks to which Norway is again not completely covered with an ice shell. Here are two anecdotes that fully characterize the Norwegian weather:

« A tourist asks a local boy:
- Tell me, is it true that in Bergen does it always rain?
“I don’t know, uncle, I’m only eleven years old.”

And the second joke: "If you don't like the Norwegian weather, just wait one hour."

All these wonderful climate features dictate quite strict requirements for equipment and clothing, if, of course, you want your trekking to be warm and dry.

Clothes and shoes for trekking in Norway

Best time for trekking in Norway it is summer, specifically the second half of July and August. At this time it is warm and there is significantly less precipitation. However, three days of continuous drizzle is quite common. The temperature during the day ranges from +10°C to +25°C, and at night it does not go below zero even in the mountains (although sometimes there are exceptions). In addition, summer is the peak tourist season, which is when many campsites and other infrastructure operate. Even ferry crossings in some places cease with the onset of autumn.

The most important piece of equipment for trekking in Norway is the outer layer - a membrane jacket and pants. Believe me, they will be of great use to you. For hiking in the mountains in any weather, clothing made from fabric with Gore-Tex membrane Paclite. It has excellent vapor permeability, water resistance, weight and durability. As a rule, it is used in light and compact clothing, just the kind needed for trekking.

The next most important piece of equipment is shoes. For Norway, perhaps, high boots (with a membrane, of course) are better suited than trekking sneakers. The chance of scooping from a swamp or stream, of which there are a million in Norway, is lower with boots on. For camp shoes, quick-drying sandals like Keen are suitable for optimists, and light rubber boots for pessimists.

The rest of the clothing set is standard for any trekking:

windproof running trousers; a couple of thermal underwear sets of different thicknesses; middle layer (fleece or thin down sweater/vest, jacket with Primaloft); socks; underwear (panties, T-shirts to taste); fleece or thin wool hat; fleece gloves if it gets very cold; shorts and T-shirts for warm weather; a backpack with a rain cover suitable for your trekking duration.

Bivvy equipment for trekking in Norway

Now about bivouac equipment. You will need a tent, sleeping bag and camping mat. Pay attention to the quality of your tent's mosquito net - some places in Norway are full of mosquitoes. For the same reason, you will need a mosquito repellent or other mosquito repellent. A particularly warm sleeping bag is not needed; a comfortable temperature of +5°C is sufficient. It is better to take a self-inflating or inflatable mat like Therm-a-Rest NeoAir. These are lighter and take up less space, in addition, they provide greater comfort when spending the night on hard and uneven stones.

To cook food, you will need a burner (fires cannot be lit in parking lots, but more on that below). If you want to save weight, take JetBoil systems or their analogues. Firstly, they allow you to really save gas, and secondly, they have built-in wind protection. In mountain tundra conditions this is very important. Speaking of gas cylinders, you can buy them in any store in the country that sells goods for outdoor activities, and there are such in almost every large settlement. Outdoors for Norwegians is not just a vacation, but a lifestyle, so there shouldn’t be any problems finding gas cylinders (or any other equipment). We'll tell you about prices below. You can buy a map of a particular trekking route there. All trails are carefully marked, so it’s difficult to get lost.

Some lifehacks for traveling in Norway

Norway is one of the most expensive countries in the world, however, if you know a few tricks, you can avoid excessive expenses.

If you plan to come to Norway by car (this is very logical and inexpensive) through Finland, then it will be easier and faster to apply for a Finnish visa rather than a Norwegian one. Accommodation in guesthouses, hostels and even campsites in Norway is very expensive. Accommodation can be the main cost of your trip. If you want to save a lot, live in a tent. In 1947, the country passed a law that established the right of every person to pitch a tent and spend one night in it where his camp will not disturb anyone. That is, you can camp anywhere as long as there are no houses or other buildings within sight and if it is not land used for agricultural purposes. It is prohibited to litter and burn fires. All waste must be taken with you. Saving resources has become a real cult in Norway, so even in campsites hot water for showers is supplied every minute and for a fee. To save money, you can take advantage of the free shower, which is available at almost any gas station. If you are moving between trekking areas by car, you should note that Fuel at gas stations is cheaper on weekends than on weekdays. As of the summer of 2017, the cost of gasoline ranged from 13.5 to 16.5 NOK per liter, which in rubles was approximately 100 to 125 in rubles. Because of this price gap, some travelers are looking for options to save money: if your gasoline level has dropped to a critical level, and there are only expensive gas stations nearby, fill the tank with 10 liters and look for a cheaper gas station. The prices for products will unpleasantly surprise you. However, in any supermarket in each product group there are one or two products marked “First Price” that are a third cheaper than their analogues. This is a program to support the country's low-income population (although there are simply no such programs in Norway). First Price products are quite high quality. The price tag is approximately the same as in Moscow, some items, for example, meat and fish, are even cheaper. If you purchase these products and also abstain from alcohol and cigarettes, then a trip to Norway will not eat a huge hole in your budget. In stores with a “Tax Free of tourists” sign, you can register when purchasing special paper and when leaving the country, receive from 11% to 18% of the cost.

Internet addicted citizens will be able to find free Wi-Fi near any Kiwi supermarket. They are in almost any locality countries. To travel around Norway it is absolutely not necessary to know any foreign language. Communication with local residents is an interesting thing, but completely optional. Norwegians are very unobtrusive and respect other people's holidays. Payment for fuel at a gas station is carried out through an automatic terminal; at a supermarket or campsite, you just need to hand your plastic card to the cashier. You will need some petty cash(Norwegian kroner, also known as NOK) to pay for entry and entry into national parks and private areas. Usually the place to pay looks like an information stand. You need to take an envelope yourself, put the required amount of Norwegian kroner into it, write your name or car number and take a special coupon with you. The temptation to go for free is high, but you shouldn’t do it. Don't try to break local rules: Don't speed, don't fish without a license, don't light fires, don't try to enter national parks without paying. Formally, there is no control, but every citizen of Norway considers it his duty to report to the police if even a minor offense occurs before his eyes. The police will appear quickly and the size of the fine alone can exceed all travel expenses combined. If you don’t want the hassle of paperwork, fish with a fishing rod in the sea or in the fjords. In freshwater bodies of water, you will need a fisherman's card, and used gear will need to be disinfected at special points. In addition, they have seasonality in the fishing mode.

Norway is a country where every lover of outdoor activities must visit. It has amazing conditions for everything from base jumping to kayaking. The harsh Scandinavian climate will not overshadow your trip if you think about choosing the right equipment in advance, and high prices will not leave a hole in your budget if you follow simple rules and know little tricks.

All nations of the world have their own characteristics, traditions, and National costumes. Large countries have several varieties of these outfits, but Norway has gone even further: here each region has its own costume.

Norwegian Bunad

The national costume of the Norwegians, called bunad in the country, continues to be very popular in Norway today. This costume amazes with its splendor, variety, richness and beauty. It is customary to wear bunads in holidays both members of the royal family and ordinary citizens of the country.

Today, there are more than two hundred types of national costumes in the country, not counting the huge variety of their variations. Often in one village there are several varieties of them, and a costume from one locality can be made in different colors. Most of the national clothing of the Norwegians has survived to this day in its original form. National costumes in Norway are traditionally passed down from generation to generation, and their cost in a complete set can often be equal to the cost of a new car.

Traditional men's national costume

A man's clothing set consists of a linen shirt, knee-length trousers, a thick vest with buttons in several rows, an outer jacket or jacket, a wide-brimmed hat or bowler, stockings, special shoes, silver cufflinks, buckles and buttons. Men's suits are not as heavily embroidered as women's, but they benefit from very brightly colored materials.

Traditional women's national costume

Full set women's clothing includes: blouse decorated with hand embroidery, jacket, thick wool skirt, vest, special stockings and shoes, shawl or handkerchief, mittens, belt made of silver plaques, handbag with silver clasp and jewelry self made from precious metals. The skirt is often double, silver cufflinks are used instead of buttons on the blouse, and the vest is fastened with a silver chain. All silver is decorated with pendants and richly inlaid.

Women's suits have a much wider application, unlike men's. Usually, an expensive handmade national costume is sewn for girls for confirmation. The national women's costume is often worn at weddings and other special events.

Bride's wedding suit

The wedding dresses of Norwegian brides are no less beautiful and expensive; they amaze with their originality and originality. Distinctive feature wedding suit Brides at all times wore a magnificent headdress, reminiscent of the tiara of a fairy-tale princess.

The crowns on the heads of Norwegian beauties, which are a mixture of a kokoshnik and a hat, decorated with silver or gold pendants that jingle as they walk, are designed to ward off evil spirits with their chimes. At a wedding, the bride was traditionally required to dance until the crown fell off her head.

In the old days, the beauty of the bride’s outfit directly depended on the financial situation of the family, and the headdress was made from various materials- from straw to silver and gold.

I'm going to Finland, and the story will be about Norway. It happens:)

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The Quelle online store decided to conduct research and tell its readers about the culture of dress and national costumes different countries peace. Perhaps you have long dreamed of dressing in Indian or Scottish styles, but something always stopped you. Today we will talk about Norway.
Norway is located in the western part of the Scandinavian Peninsula. It is not for nothing that the ancient Scandinavians nicknamed these lands “the path to the north,” because the location of the country and the climate that reigns here fully correspond to this phrase. In addition, the entire terrain of Norway is covered with mountains and fjords. Of course, nature cannot but influence the mentality of the people, fashion and much more.

The national costume of Norway is known all over the world and is proudly called “bundad”. How did he enter the culture of the northern people? The Industrial Revolution, which occurred at the end of the nineteenth century, significantly influenced the market, as a result of which cheap fabric went on sale from which people could sew their own clothes. traditional costumes. And unfortunately old clothes became increasingly unusable and threatened with complete extinction. Therefore, representatives of the Romantic movement decided to capture old national costumes in documents and drawings so that they would not sink into oblivion. Their efforts did not go unnoticed. The first to support this desire to preserve history were the bourgeoisie, who found a certain charm, attractiveness and beauty in the costumes of their homeland. They began to wear national attire for various celebrations, promoting it to the masses. It was a fortunate coincidence that Norway gained independence, thereby raising the self-awareness and pride of the inhabitants of these territories. And it was then that life was breathed into the national costume again.

The bunad was a complete outfit from head to toe: a skirt, a blouse decorated with embroidery, a vest, a jacket, a headdress, stockings and shoes. By the way, some types of bunad are a one-piece dress. Over time, more and more decorations, embroidery and appliques began to appear on its parts. The outfit indicated the people's commitment to traditions and at the same time emphasized their individuality and unusualness. Currently, the bunad is in the wardrobe of almost every resident of Norway, and there are about two hundred types of it. If you are lucky enough to be in this country on May 17, you will be surprised at how diverse the bunads can be, and in general you will be very impressed by the abundance of costumes on the street. Although this clothing is considered universal for many types of celebrations: from weddings to christenings.

Of course, there are people who honor traditions more than others (traditionalists); they argue that bunad should not be worn foreign citizen, just like a resident of Norway of a certain territory should not dress in the attire of other parts of the country, because a certain settlement is characterized by its own ornaments and colors. An interesting fact is that most of the bunads have been preserved in their original form, only a few of them have undergone some kind of reconstruction.
But what do the ideal clothes of a modern Norwegian girl look like?

The fact is that bright details are present mainly only on the bunad, thereby emphasizing its brightness and significance. Therefore, the Norwegian style is calm, monochrome and comfortable. If you want to fit in with this cold country and have others feel the freshness and serenity of Norway's fjords when they look at you, here are a few tips.
First of all, keep your look minimalist. Norwegians don't like casual wear experiment with cut and style. So stick to classic models.
Secondly, give preference to calm, monochrome colors.
As a rule, residents of Norway do not like prints, but if they risk diluting their image with them, they opt for checks, stripes and polka dots. you can buy Nice dress V nautical style, throw on a camel-colored trench coat and set off to conquer Oslo.

Of course, due to the fact that the weather in these lands is not very pleasing to the inhabitants with warmth and endless sunny days, Norwegians give preference to high-quality and comfortable things. That’s why it’s so important to have another wardrobe element made from natural fabrics: cotton, silk, wool, etc. Many stores, including the Internet, provide people with the opportunity to purchase quality goods for a reasonable price.
The Norwegian style is characterized by layering, again due to climatic conditions. Therefore, you can often see in photographs from the streets of Oslo a girl in a jumper, cardigan, jacket and on top with the finishing touch - a collar.

MY IMPRESSIONS OF NORWAY.
Part three:NORWEGIAN NATIONAL TRADITIONS

Generally speaking about Norway, one cannot help but dwell on traditions.

Norwegian flag. Norwegians are patriotic people. Literally every fifth house has a flagpole with the Norwegian flag. Christmas tree, festive table, wedding procession - everything is decorated with flags. The history of the Norwegian flag itself is interesting. Norway was in a union with Denmark for 400 years and was considered as a single state. Then there was a 100-year union with Sweden, and only in 1905 did the country gain independence. The Norwegian Parliament invited the Danish Prince Charles, who took the name Haakon in Norway. The question also arose about the national flag. The Norwegians wanted to have the whole flag, but at the same time they wanted this flag to emphasize their Danish roots. And then they took the Danish flag as a basis, a white cross on a red background and drew blue stripes along the center of this cross. So we got a blue cross in white and all this on a red background.

A few words about the Norwegian costume:

Norwegian national costume. This was probably what amazed me most about Norway. I have always been interested in different costumes from different countries and eras. In my opinion, you can understand a lot about a country and time through costumes. At all times, women loved to decorate themselves and did it in every possible way. And of course, clothing played a huge role in any society. It’s not for nothing that we say that people are greeted by their clothes, but seen off by their minds. Unfortunately, the Russian costume has hardly survived and few people know which costume was used in which region of Russia. But the Norwegians managed to preserve this culture; they wear costumes based on their place of birth. So I really wanted to talk a little about it.

I arrived in Norway at the end of April. May 17 is Norway's national day. I was simply shocked! The entire female population of the country, from 3 years old to 80, wore national costumes. Each region (filke) and each commune has its own costume. They are very colorful and decorated with rich embroidery. The costume consists of a white blouse, woolen skirt and vest. Men's suits are also found, but not as often. In my opinion, the most beautiful suit- from Telemark. Norway is a Lutheran country and all children at the age of 15 undergo confirmation (the church coming of age rite). Usually, parents sew a national costume for girls for confirmation. It is very expensive, 2-3 thousand dollars, because the suit is decorated with silver and it is handmade. They often wear a suit for weddings, confirmations, and all sorts of special occasions.

Norway was under the union of Denmark for a long time (400 years). The Danes diligently eliminated everything Norwegian and tried to change the people. Bright clothes was prohibited. Therefore, it remained an outlet for the people folk costume. It was embroidered and decorated; a woman’s skill in needlework could be judged by the costume. Yes, and a lot of things. Since the country is northern and cold, the costume consists of a thick woolen skirt, the same vest and blouse. A cape or scarf is also required, which is used in cold weather. The skirt is often double, the lower one is made of fine wool or linen + the upper one. Multi-layered skirts are often found. For example, in Telemark, they also wear something like an apron, decorated with rich embroidery, over the skirt. The vest is fastened with a silver chain and silver cufflinks are also used instead of buttons on the blouse. A brooch and a belt made of silver plaques are also included. All silver is richly inlaid and decorated with pendants. The blouse is linen and also with embroidery. Men's suit consists of knee-length trousers, a linen shirt, a thick vest with several rows of buttons and an outer jacket. Knee-high wool socks are also recommended. The men's suit is not as heavily embroidered as the women's, but it often comes in very bright colors, red and yellow or black and red. Many people wear a wide-brimmed hat or bowler hat. Men's suits in modern Norway are not as widely used as women's suits. It is simply necessary for a woman to have a national costume. On May 17th, only rare exceptions are dressed in ordinary clothes on the streets. But many people try to choose even ordinary clothes taking into account the colors of the Norwegian flag (red, blue and white). Photographs tell the best stories. There are a great many regions in Norway and each has its own costume. I tried to choose the most typical ones from all regions. The north, south, west and east of Norway are presented in this photo series.

Vestfold		Aust-Agder		Telemark
Buskerud				........ Hordalan
Oppland		Sogn		Troms

Not many people are familiar with the geography of Norway, so I’ll give a little explanation.
Vestfold is the eastern (and Ostfold is the western part) shore of the Oslofjord. (Oslo)
Aust-Agder is southwest of Norway (Kristiansand)
Telemark - south
Buskerud is the southeast (Drammen)
Hordalan - middle coastal part of Norway (Bergen)
Oppland - central, non-coastal part (Hammar)
Sogn - also near Bergen, middle part
Troms - north (Trumsø)

The Norwegian language is also very unique. Firstly, there are two of them: n-i-noshk and bokmål. Bokmål is based on Danish and is more common in the south of the country. Ni-i-noshk is based on dialects. Each region has its own dialect. The city of Bergen is especially different. Its residents even consider themselves residents of a separate country. They say: “I’m not from Norway, I’m from Bergen.” My husband and I were at a family celebration, more than 70 people gathered. It was golden wedding his aunts. And there they raised a toast to the new foreign members of our family. They were: me from Russia, one girl from America and another from Bergen. She was also called as a foreigner. Family ties are very strong. Usually, 60-70 people gather for a wedding. Our wedding for 20 people was considered very modest. And even if there is no special money, then they only treat you to coffee and wedding cake. After all, the main thing is not food, but communication. I was asked about the Russian costume so often that I even had to sew it.

About Norwegian men. You can tell a lot more about this wonderful country, but you still can’t tell everything. I also want to say something special about Norwegian men. They are very reliable partners, excellent husbands and fathers. No work in the house is divided into women's and men's. I was simply shocked by the incident with the Norwegian crown prince. Here, not only the mother, but also the father has the right to parental leave. For the first 4 weeks, both parents care for the newborn. But of course! After all, a woman after childbirth is still weak and needs help. The king is now seriously ill and his functions were performed by the crown prince. But when his daughter was born, he went on vacation, despite controversy in the newspapers and condemnation from Parliament. He believes that the most important thing for him is family. Every day of his child is priceless and will not be repeated, so he must be with them. And this is a characteristic for all Norwegian men. And it’s not entirely true that only those who have some problems are looking for wives on the Internet. Norwegian women don’t want to get married; they are fine alone. Therefore, men are forced to look for a mate in other countries. Of course, those who dream of sables and diamonds are unlikely to get them here. But you can find a good family, respect and love here. I know many examples of this. I invite everyone to come to Norway, the land of Vikings, tolls and fjords. There is something to see and where to relax. Thanks to everyone who read my story about this amazing country.

OLGA (NORWAY)
[email protected]

BEGINNING OF ARTICLE ABOUT NORWAY

PREVIOUS LETTERS FROM OLGA FROM NORWAY:
About the rules for preparing documents for children
I read Irina’s letter from England about her husband’s children
Reply to letters from Marina and Elena
How to take a child out?
About letters from Natalia (Norway)FOLLOWING PUBLICATIONS FOREIGN COVERAGE OF WOMEN'S MAGAZINE WWWoman:

NATALIA TKACHENKO (USA):
FEATURES OF CULTURE IN AMERICA, OR HOW TO SEEK IT...
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TATIANA TVERDENKO (JAPAN): ON THE SHORE OF THE PACIFIC OCEAN. A CYCLE OF STORIES ABOUT THE FATE OF THREE JAPANESE RUSSIAN WIVES ALL MAGAZINE PUBLICATIONS ON THE TOPIC OF NORWAY:
Olga Kolysheva: My story about the search for a foreign prince
Irina Shestopal: Unfaithful husband
Raspberries
Problems because of my husband's ex-wife and his daughter-1
Problems because of my husband's ex-wife and his daughter-2
Julia: A story of love and life
Natalya Kopsova (Oslo): The future of Norway - will nationalism really rear its head again in the 21st century?
Elena: Reply to Larisa’s letter from Norway (“Male complexes”)
Irina Shestopal: I was once young, beautiful and lived in Russia
Larisa:
Irina: Regarding Olga’s letter from Norway about learning Norwegian
Olga:
I want to warn everyone who is going to get married in Norway and have children
About letters from Natalia (Norway)
Elizabeth:
The purpose of my letter is to warn
Reply to Lena's letter, Russia ("Married to a Frenchman")
Elena: I ask you, people, to be vigilant! (About Elizabeth's letter, Norway)
Natalia Kopsova (Oslo):
Some thoughts on the future of Russia
Lovers of our dreams
About love, about happiness and about everything that is important
Fathers and sons - Scandinavian version
Building communism in Norway alone
About equality, love and loneliness
Journey to and from Paradise
Natasha: About meeting a Norwegian
Marina K. Shay (Stavanger):
Galloping across Europe
My American classmate
Advice for those leaving for Norway (answers to Natasha)
My spring

Traditional National clothes Norwegians call it "bunad". There are several forms of its cut and countless colors. The latter is typical mainly for women's costumes. For many centuries, the Norwegian costume was influenced by the pan-European urban costume, so in our time, Norwegians wear bunad only on major holidays, weddings, and folk festivals.

Descriptions of the national costume were preserved in Scandinavian sagas and in ancient images of residents of Northern Europe. It follows from them that the ancient Norse costume is characterized by narrow long trousers, short jackets, raincoats with a hood. Currently, two forms of cut are noticeable in the men's bunad. The men's national costume of the western regions of Norway consists of narrow long pants, which at the top reach almost to the chest and are held in place by hangers. The clothing is complemented by a vest, stitched with an ornament and trimmed with buttons on the chest. For the eastern regions of the country, a jacket or vest and short pants, usually just below the knees, are more typical. Jackets and pants are decorated with buttons arranged in rows. The costume is complemented by traditional knee socks, which have a geometric pattern and are knitted from thick wool. In both regions, the costume is accompanied by a white shirt with wide sleeves and narrow cuffs, black trousers, black raincoats, leather shoes with buckles and, of course, a hat or top hat.

The folk costume is complemented by decorative details: magnificent embroideries on vests, aprons, jackets, bright belts and multi-colored trims along the hem of the skirt. This has led to the fact that almost every region of the country has become characterized by various types of women's costumes.

The women's Norwegian national costume is also presented in two forms of cut (Fig. 7). In most of the country, it consists of a blouse and a skirt; only in the western regions are blouses worn with sundresses. This is the basis of a woman's costume. In some areas, an apron, vest or jacket is added to it. Traditionally, costumes are made from wool fabric. On cold days, scarves, capes, raincoats, and multi-layered skirts are used. Men's suits also have bright colors, but they are not processed with embroidery to the same extent as women's ones. In Norway, each specific locality (fulke) presents its own unique national costume.

Although at the everyday level a modern pan-European version of the city costume is used in our time, there is one folk tradition, to which the Norwegians have remained faithful to this day. The famous warm drinks are especially popular here. norwegian sweaters knitted from thick yarn and decorated with national ornaments. They are very beautiful, reliable (they will keep you warm in the coldest weather), and take up little space. Products made from 100% wool are covered with special northern patterns: you can see deer and elk, snowflakes and frost, geometric patterns on them, which makes them recognizable all over the world.