"At every step!": Rostov doctors told what dangers lie in wait for kids at home. What dangers lie in wait for a child in the city ... on children's playgrounds

Prohibited action with the power cord

Sometimes young children find themselves in completely absurd dangerous situations. The task of adults is to help kids learn about the world, and at the same time to protect them from unforeseen circumstances that can cause irreparable harm to children's health or become a threat to life.

Today, there are many educational children's cartoons that tell about how to behave when various dangerous situations arise, however, the question of how to protect children from dangers is relevant, first of all, for parents.

What are the dangers of your living space for a child?

Oddly enough, it is the home of the kids that the largest number of unpleasant surprises lie in wait. Parents are required to deal with the following most dangerous situations in practice with their children. How to do it? Just sit the baby next to it, open a picture book, or a famous fairy tale, read it together, and then add your parting words to the story:

Hot items

You need to be very careful with hot items on the table (a mug of tea, a plate of soup, a hot electric kettle or a saucepan with compote on a gas stove). If you inadvertently wave your hands at the table, or pull the cord of the electric kettle, the hot liquid has the risk of toppling over on the child, resulting in serious burns to the body, and the very life of the baby will be endangered.

Precautions:

• Do not place hot dishes on the edge of the table or in the reach of a small child;
• Do not leave the kettle in the baby's reach, especially if its cord is hanging down and you can reach it.

Video: furniture blockers

Matches, lighters

You cannot play with matches, lighters and open fire. Fire is very dangerous, especially indoors (apartment, house, classroom). It spreads quickly throughout the room, curtains, furniture and wallpaper. This danger is deadly.

Precautions:

• Do not leave matches or lighters in the reach of a small child.

Gas oven

Careless handling of electrical appliances

Do not touch the gas stove, turn the knobs on it. The gas is also hazardous to health and life. If handled carelessly, natural gas fills the room and causes suffocation. This is deadly.

Precautions:

• Do not leave hot and full pots and pans on the gas or electric stove if it is on. For greater safety, they should be left on the distant cooking zones to reduce the possibility of small children accessing them.

Stabbing and cutting objects

You cannot play with piercing and cutting objects - scissors, knives, needles. Such "fun" leads to cuts on sharp edges, or accidental puncture of soft tissues of movable limbs, or other parts of the body.

Precautions:

• Do not leave any piercing or cutting objects in the reach of the child.

Tablecloth

You cannot play with the tablecloth. An accidental movement made by a child in a playful manner can cause all the contents of the table (cups of hot tea, plates of hot soup) to tip over. This will entail the occurrence of skin burns, or other injuries that can not only seriously harm, but also become fatal to life.

Precautions:

• If there is a small child in the house who is crawling on the floor, or has just begun to walk, it is best to refuse (temporarily) to use a tablecloth. When the child grows up, it is necessary to explain why you cannot pull on its edge.

Sharp corners

Two types of soft overlays for furniture corners

Sharp corners of furniture are another danger within the territory of a house or apartment. An uncertain kid who is learning, or already knows how to walk, as well as any older tomboy, can, as a result of an accidental movement, hit the corner of furniture and severely injure his head or face. Most often, such negligence ends with an incision of the eyebrow and large bruises, but the fall can end in more serious consequences in the form of a broken eye, a broken nose and a concussion.

Precautions:

• Purchase special plastic plugs and attach them to the corner pieces of furniture, and other objects in the house that have sharp corners.

Do not touch electrical and mechanical devices at home without permission, especially disassemble them when they are plugged into the outlet.

Video: protecting drawers and cabinets

Houseplants

Do not touch and taste indoor plants. Some of them, such as dieffenbachia and cyclamen, are deadly and can cause serious fatal poisoning of the body.

Precautions:

• If the baby begins to explore an apartment or house, it is better to move indoor plants to another place (send to the dacha, to the grandmother).

Pets

Do not tease or torment pets. Firstly, if you pet your pets and then don't wash your hands, you can get infected with helminths. Secondly, if you torture an animal against its will, it can bite, scratch and scare the child.

Meeting a stranger can be dangerous

Precautions:

• If there is a baby in the house, it is best to abandon pets for a while, or very carefully and tirelessly monitor your child, in order to avoid trouble. Regular anthelmintic prophylaxis with the help of special drugs and adherence to strict rules of personal hygiene are also appropriate.

Do not touch pills, medicines, cosmetics and household chemicals without the permission of adults. As a result of poisoning from drug overdose, there are often fatal cases and situations when children become disabled for the rest of their lives.

Precautions:

• If there are small children in the house, it is best to keep medicines, cosmetics and household chemicals in closed boxes, out of the reach;
• It is recommended to conduct regular explanatory conversations with children about the dangers of pills and household chemicals to children's health.

Windows and balconies

Baby in the window

Be very careful around open windows and balconies. You should never sit on the windowsill. Falling down is fraught with serious physical injury and death.

Precautions:

• Do not leave babies unattended near open windows and balconies, especially in multi-storey apartments.

Bathroom

You can't indulge in the bathroom. The bathroom is fraught with many invisible dangers:

• Firstly, a child left even for a few minutes unattended in an empty bathroom can slip and get injuries to the limbs, more often to the head (sometimes fatal);
• Secondly, a child left for one minute unattended in a filled bathroom can choke and even drown;
• Third, a parent may accidentally turn the wrong shower handle and scald the baby with boiling water.
• Fourth, older children are also not allowed to play in the bathroom. Accidentally not turned off water causes a flood.

Precautions:

• never leave your little ones in an empty bathroom, or in a bathtub full of water alone. Sometimes even a minute is enough for a fatal sad outcome.

Rest

Explain to your child to always wash their hands with soap and water before eating. It is important to eat only washed vegetables and fruits. Disease-causing germs and bacteria from poorly washed hands and food can enter the body and cause dangerous illness.

You can not open the door to strangers, even if they seem to be friends of the parents.

You can't tell anyone by phone:

• Your surname and first name;
• Home address;
• Information that parents are not at home.

You cannot get into an elevator with strangers and open doors with a key in the presence of strangers who look suspicious.

How to keep children out of trouble on the street?

Stranger in the car

Walking in the fresh air is very beneficial for the health of babies, but parents should be especially careful when outdoors. In order to protect your beloved child from the main dangerous situations on the street, you must study them in detail with your child:

• Cross the road only on a zebra crossing at the green light of a traffic light;
• Know the designations of each traffic light color;
• Do not ride on the footboard of a tram or trolleybus

If you warn your child in time about the dangers that may lie in wait in everyday life, you can save him from troubles that can cause serious health problems and threaten his life.

Video: how to explain to a child what is dangerous

Photobank Lori

the Internet

The Internet is a virtual network where you can find any information, but it is its presence, or rather the fact of its uncontrollability, that worries many parents. And this is understandable, because what curious children can find is not always useful for them: pornography, films for adults containing profanity, scenes of violence and cruelty.

Many children flaunt their personal lives. They can easily publish data such as phone number and home address, and this, you see, is unsafe in our time - you never know who can visit the child on the page.

Communication between peers on the Internet is also associated with certain difficulties. Conflicts, receiving messages with threats, insulting attacks on oneself very badly hurt children of any age.

Parents need to control what sites the child visits, what exactly he does while sitting at the computer. Naturally, it is impossible to follow your own child 24 hours a day. You can use special programs that record the movement of the child in the network.

Drugs and alcohol

Parents, teachers, psychologists speak about the terrible consequences of drug addiction and alcoholism. However, some children, despite the best efforts of adults, slip into an alcoholic or drug pit. Someone first tried "for the company" so as not to look like a "black sheep". Someone was persuaded by peers, motivating, "are you not a boy?" And someone was let down by banal curiosity. Children, and especially adolescents, should not only listen, but also look closely.

There are a number of signs that should alert parents. This is a frequent absence from home, and incoherent speech, and poor coordination of movements, and frequent mood swings. As soon as the parents suspect something was wrong, it is necessary to turn to specialists, you should not trust the children in this matter and let everything go by itself. It is imperative to talk with children about the dangers of various addictions.

Early intercourse

Sex and childhood are incompatible. Unfortunately, some teens are sexually active too early. If we consider the reasons, then it may be a desire to try something new, unknown, or a hormonal surge. In early intimate relationships, adolescents can enter in protest against overprotective parents. Girls going through the stage of falling in love can answer "yes" to the boy next door who suggested having sex. Friends can also influence the onset of early sexual activity. Someone had it in the company, because almost all peers have experience in this matter. Someone happened quite unexpectedly and against their will, because the young man took advantage of the situation.

But for adolescents, it is fraught with psychological trauma and health problems - early pregnancy, infection with sexually transmitted diseases, etc. How to protect your children from untimely intimate relationships? Talk more often, take an interest in their life, know with whom and where they spend time. Of course, each case is different, so parents need to be very wise in dealing with children on such sensitive topics.

Polite strangers

Parents should constantly talk about how children do not come into contact with strangers. But this is not enough, children should know that they cannot sit in the car at the invitation, open doors and let strangers into the house, they cannot tell strangers their address and phone number. The guys must firmly understand that no matter how lightly a stranger communicates, they should not trust him.

Now, during the summer holidays, following such safety measures is especially important, because many parents work and cannot be near their children during the day.

Sects

There is another danger that teenagers can be exposed to, and this is involvement in a sect. The leaders of such organizations try in every possible way to attract new members to themselves, actively using methods of psychological influence for this, even hypnosis.

Most often, teenagers who are interested in mysticism, isotericism, etc. become victims of sects. The risk group also includes indecisive children, with an unstable psyche, teenagers from. Some, under psychological pressure, leave home, break off family ties and remain in a sect. In order to rescue a child from the "clutches" of the sectarians, the help of law enforcement agencies is needed, alone with this problem it is hardly possible to cope with this problem.

In the summer, kids spend most of their free time on the street. For parents, there comes a difficult time when more and more often it becomes necessary to look into the home medicine cabinet. Active summer games are sometimes associated with unpleasant consequences - various injuries, abrasions, scratches and bruises. Let's take a look at the 8 dangers that children face during the summer break and find out how parents can protect their child.

1. Helmet for head protection

Accidental falls are the most common cause of injury in children. Usually children manage to get off with minor abrasions and scratches. Cycling and rollerblading, however, are activities where children can bump their heads violently during a fall. A helmet can help reduce the risk of serious head injury by 85%. Make sure it fits your child's size.

Remind the children to use a helmet and other protective gear when cycling and inline skating. If you already have a helmet from last year, take a good look at it for cracks or breaks. A damaged helmet will no longer be able to provide reliable protection; it is better to buy a new one.

2. What is the condition of the children's sports equipment?

A helmet is not the only means of protecting a child during outdoor activities. Make sure all sports equipment is in good working order and is suitable for children. Kids grow up very quickly, so last year's bike or rollerblades may be too small for them. Before starting to use the bike again, inspect its frame for damage, adjust the height of the seat and handlebars to the child's height. You also need to tighten the nuts and lubricate the moving parts of the bike. Make sure the roller skates don't get too small for your child.

3. How to avoid heatstroke and dehydration?

Although heatstroke is a great danger to children, it can be easily overlooked. During extreme heat, the child needs to replenish the loss of fluid in the body to avoid heatstroke. Remind the children to always take a bottle of water with them for walks. According to pediatricians, during active games you need to drink a glass of water every 20 minutes.

Light-colored clothing made from natural fabrics will help provide protection against heatstroke. It is imperative to wear a panama hat or a cap of light colors on your head. In order not to overheat, it is better to play in shady places during the heat.

4. Make chemicals and medicines out of reach

During holidays, children are often alone at home when their parents leave for work. They have the opportunity to freely inspect every corner of the apartment. When playing researchers or scientists, there is a risk that children in their games may use various chemicals and medicines found at home. To prevent this from happening, it is better to block in advance access to toxic substances - detergents and cleaning products, insecticides, medicines.

Find a safe place to store chemicals where children cannot reach. It is better if it will be some kind of lockable cabinet, the key from which the parents must keep with them. It will not be superfluous to explain to the child how dangerous it is to play with toxic substances. Provide little experimenters with harmless materials for their games.

5. Keep your eyes on the water from children

Drowning is the second most common cause of death in children aged one to 14 years. This should get you thinking. It is your responsibility as a parent to teach your child how to swim. This is the minimum guarantee that if something happens, the child can hold out on the water for some time until help arrives in time. Even if your child is a great swimmer, you or the caregiver should be there at all times and keep your child in sight.

Adults are obliged to tell the child how to behave near the pond and in the water, explain why it is dangerous to indulge in while swimming. Children should not be allowed to swim in unknown bodies of water, unequipped beaches, or swim behind the buoys.

6. Is your first aid kit in order?

Before the summer break starts, you should check your first aid kit to see if it has everything you need. We recommend that you consult a pediatrician which means and drugs you must have on hand, since the same driver's first-aid kits are not always equipped with what a child may need. If your child is suffering from a special medical condition, make sure you have first aid in an emergency.

Do not forget to update your existing first aid kit - review all medicines, removing those that are expired, and buy new ones instead. Check if the instructions for the available drugs have been preserved, they should always be in the drug packaging.

7. Protect your child from insects

Until a few years ago, insects did not create as much inconvenience as they do now. Due to the mutation of viruses carried by insects, even mosquito bites are increasingly accompanied by severe allergies and swelling. What can we say about the bites of midges, wasps, and even more so, ticks, which pose a serious danger - after all, these insects can cause a fatal disease - encephalitis. To protect children from tick bites when walking in wooded areas, wear closed clothing and a hat. Returning home, carefully examine the head and body of the child for signs of bites. Some spiders and caterpillars are also dangerous - they release toxic substances along with mucus.

Good protection is provided by insect repellants - sprays and creams that repel insects. Do not overdo it for children, they are chemicals after all. Repellents are produced in various concentration levels - 10% and 30%. Their difference is not in the effectiveness of a spray or cream, but in the duration of action. If you go for a short walk, use repellents at 10%, they work for 2 hours, while 30% sprays can last up to 5 hours. Children prone to allergic reactions are not advised to apply such chemicals to their skin, so it is better to use natural remedies - lemon, eucalyptus, cloves or lavender. Insects cannot stand the smell of these plants.

8. Sunburn

From 10 am to 4 pm, the sun's rays are especially active. Prolonged exposure to them can lead to severe burns, especially in early June. To protect the delicate skin of your children from them, try to choose the right clothes - give preference to natural fabrics - cotton, chintz. It's good if the outfit covers most of the body. A panama or hat is required. Sunscreens should not be neglected either. Use baby creams with SPF 15 or higher every 2 hours.

Summer and child safety

The calendar summer begins tomorrow. Traditionally, June 1 is celebrated as International Children's Day, designed to focus special attention on them. Ahead are three months of the long-awaited vacation - children squeak with delight, and parents begin to get nervous, knowing what dangers can lie in wait for their children during this period. What should be done so that in the warmest season of the year the parental heart remains calm, and the child is safe and sound?

Photo by Yuri Gorid

Vitaly Novitsky, official representative of the Ministry of Emergency Situations reminds:

- The main thing that parents should not forget is that small children should not be left unattended. How old is it? It is clear that in no case should you leave preschoolers alone. Further - at the discretion of the parents. In some states of the United States, even eighteen-year-old children are prohibited from leaving themselves. But in our realities this is hardly possible.

If the parents thought that the child is already old enough and can be left alone, they must definitely teach him how to act in an emergency, where to call, what to report.

- In many countries, mini-games are practiced when the whole family plays out some emergencies. For example, what to do if there is a fire. The roles of family members are distributed: who will call the rescue service, who will take the documents, who will take out the cat or dog, and so on. It would be absolutely superfluous to play such moments before the start of the holidays and for Belarusian families,- Vitaly Novitsky advises.

Children often spend hot days outside their usual apartments and yards. And these are additional risks.

- Many parents send children to their grandparents, which means additional freedom for children, - says the official representative of the Ministry of Emergencies. - In this case, we recommend that parents analyze the safety radius, determine how far your child can walk on their own, and talk to him about the risk factors. For example, if there is a road nearby, you must be sure to remind why you cannot play near it, how it should be crossed, and so on. If there is a body of water nearby, talk about the rules of conduct near it. If the forest - give advice related to the safety of being in it. If there is a field where agricultural machinery can work, remind that the operator may not notice a small child in tall grass, and so on.

Some children are waiting for the summer in children's health camps, and in this case, says Vitaly Novitsky, parents can be calm:

- Monitoring of these objects will be completed in May. Recommendations are given with the terms of elimination of the revealed violations. I can assure you that only safe children's camps will accept children.

Traditionally, with the beginning of the big summer holidays, the republican action of the Ministry of Emergency Situations "Holidays without smoke and fire" starts. During all three months, rescuers will teach children and adults safety rules in school and summer health camps, in city sites near large shopping centers and in other places with a large crowd of children.

- We distribute our printed materials to adults and children, we recommend installing the mobile application "Ministry of Emergency Situations of Belarus: help is near." This is a free non-profit project. The application allows you to quickly navigate in non-standard situations. It contains more than 50 situations: there is a thunderstorm outside, a forest is burning, and so on, - explains the representative of the department.

In addition, the application allows you to call emergency assistance, send coordinates if the user is suddenly lost in the forest, learn about first aid, check the knowledge gained in the tests section.

- Today there is a craze for gadgets. And so many different applications and toys are uploaded there! It will not be superfluous if an application appears among them that will teach children safety rules, - Vitaly Novitsky is convinced. - At the moment, "Ministry of Emergency Situations of Belarus: help is nearby" has already been installed by about 150 thousand users. The application is based on the Android platform. However, it will soon be available for iOS devices as well.

By the way, about gadgets. Today, there are a large number of applications that allow parents to track the location of the child, let them know when they leave safe areas, and so on. They are really handy and helpful. But parents, says Vitaly Novitsky, should remember that all devices are discharged sooner or later:

- One can hope for similar applications in urban environments with good connectivity. But if the child is in the village, in the forest, in the field? In an unstable network, with geolocation turned on, the device's charge is quickly consumed, which means that the child may be left completely without a means of communication. Therefore, parents who trust similar devices and programs should consider a portable charger for children. But the main thing is to teach the child not to panic in stressful situations, not to be afraid to dial 101 or 112 and explain what happened.

REMINDER FOR PARENTS

Teach your child the rules of behavior

…on the street

Explain to your child not to go for a walk without first telling the adults.

Do not let him go far from your home and yard.

Tell them that you cannot play in wastelands, near construction sites, abandoned houses, in basements and in attics, climb trees and fences.

Forbid taking food and gifts from strangers.

Do not allow stray cats, dogs, or any other animals or birds to be touched.

... when rollerblading and cycling

Do not allow your child to go out on the street with a scooter, bicycle, or rollerblades unaccompanied by adults.

Be sure to wear him knee pads, elbow pads, a helmet.

Explain that you should only ride on level sidewalks.

Teach your child to stop at dangerous places - exits of cars from yards, parking lots, arches.

... during a thunderstorm

Explain to your child that thunderstorms are natural hazards.

He must understand that during a thunderstorm it is necessary to stop playing on the street and that one cannot hide under a lonely tree.

The best option is to take shelter indoors, close windows, turn off electrical appliances and your mobile phone.

If it is not possible to enter the premises, you can hide in a ravine or ditch. In this case, you need to lay something on the ground and sit down with your feet together, your head down and your knees clasping your hands.

... in children's playgrounds

Educate your child about the dangers of broken swings and slides.

Explain that you cannot swing on a swing while standing on your feet, jump off, come close if other children swing.

The child should know that when falling from the swing, you cannot get up immediately, as you can get hit on the head.

Teach him to make sure that the previous child gets to his feet and walks to the side before going down the hill.

... in the village or in the country

Move flammable liquids, matches and lighters out of the reach of your child.

Store gardening tools indoors.

Limit your child's access to attics and sheds.

Do not leave him alone near a pond and open wells.

Tell your child which plants should not be touched - Sosnovsky's hogweed, elderberry, wolf bast, and so on.

Explain to your child that all berries, fruits and vegetables must be thoroughly washed before eating.

Do not let him go for a walk in the forest, sand quarry, unknown area.

Based on materials from mchs.gov.by

The school year has begun. New textbooks have already been opened, the first lessons have been held, and the first assessments have appeared in the diary. First-graders have especially many impressions, for whom the doors of a new world called "school" have opened.

LOOK LEFT AND THEN RIGHT

I really want the academic year to be not only interesting and informative for all students, but also safe. Alas, nowadays even a school cannot be called an island of tranquility. Dangers can lie in wait for every student both in the educational institution itself and outside it. Therefore, it will be useful to remind students and their parents of some safety rules. To begin with, even the road to school, especially for elementary school students, can be challenging. Now, regardless of the time of day, there is a large flow of vehicles on the streets of the city. In the morning, when children go to school, and adults rush to work, it becomes even more dense. So, in these conditions, you need to cross the road only where there are pedestrian crossings, and not where it is closer to school, even if you are late for class. Parents of elementary school students can generally wish that they, at least in the first months of school, accompany their children to the school door. And if this is not possible, you need to find time and devote it to studying the rules for crossing the road. A two-minute instruction - “Look left and then right” - is clearly not enough in this case. The administration of educational institutions, in turn, must ensure that all nearby pedestrian crossings, warning signs and traffic lights are in order. If any problems arise, it is necessary to urgently contact the city police department so that all the shortcomings are eliminated.

Parents whose children attend a school not far from home should not relax either. Even if on the way to it you do not need to cross the street along which cars rush. For example, you need to pay attention to the fact that the route does not pass directly under the windows and balconies of multi-storey buildings. And the point here is not even spring icicles (although they must be remembered), but rather unconscious citizens who tend to throw cigarette butts, empty beer bottles and other trash out of their apartments.

AVOID QUESTIONAL LANDSCAPES

The closer the winter, the later in the morning it starts to get dark and, accordingly, it gets dark earlier, so children need to keep to the lit places, bypassing bushes and dubious nooks. And it's best to go home not one by one, but in the company of your classmates. Alas, in the practice of law enforcement agencies, it is not uncommon for defenseless schoolchildren to become victims of street hooligans and robbers who robbed children of their money and cell phones. But you should be afraid not only of evil uncles, but also too kind ones who promise to feed you ice cream and show something interesting at home. In the last month of summer alone, two cases of indecent acts against minors were recorded in the city. You can, of course, say that this is an atypical phenomenon for our city, however, no one will give guarantees that another moral monster, prone to perversion, will not wait for your child in the dark doorway.

TAKE CARE OF YOUR THINGS

Okay, we got to school, and it seems we can calm down. After all, now in almost every educational institution a security guard is on duty at the entrance, and a large teaching staff is vigilant about the behavior of their wards. Everything is true, but nevertheless, schoolchildren may face big troubles during school hours. First of all, we are talking about the fact that many teenagers are completely irresponsible about their things. As a result, it is after school lessons that the loss of some valuables like the same cell phones is discovered. It is necessary from the first days to teach the child to be accurate and attentive to his own property. This will be useful in the future. And, of course, it is necessary to immediately suppress cases of school bullying, when physically more developed peers or high school students begin to offend weaker children. They will either take away the things they like (such as pens and key rings), or they will force them to bring money from home to buy a package of chewing gum. Until it comes to a larger extortion, all such cases must be reported to the school administration. But the loss of any thing does not compare with the loss of health. I mean teenage comic brawls during change, which sometimes escalate into real fights. And then just one careless push can lead to serious injury to the child. So advise your children not to get involved in such fist-wrestling games. It is better for them to spend their energy in physical education lessons. Another danger, which, first of all, concerns high school students, is that it is at the age of fifteen or sixteen that adolescents are looking for new, not yet known sensations. And God forbid, at this moment, an older friend appears on the way of a curious young man with a proposal to smoke weed "for fun". It’s probably not worth talking about how such an experience could end.

NO SINGLE RECIPE

In general, the list of troubles that can threaten the health of our children can be continued for a long time, and there is probably no single recipe for how to avoid them. No matter how trite it may sound, the main guarantee of security remains the same - you need to teach your own children prudence from an early age, which is by no means synonymous with the words "fearfulness" or "cowardice." Take care of yourself and your loved ones.