How to teach a child to read in syllables at home. How to quickly and easily teach a child to read by syllables at home The method of Maria Montessori

After a child reaches the age of 6, all parents are faced with the question: how to teach a child to read in syllables at home. Of course, you can hire an experienced specialist and give him the opportunity to develop the speech of his child, but not every family can afford it financially.

According to many experts, learning at home is quite possible. It is very important to find an approach and in the right way to start learning at home.

First steps in homeschooling

From the very first steps, it is necessary to competently approach this process. For starters, you should never compare your child to others. Each baby is individual and develops according to its own internal rhythm. For some children, the period of study may be 4 years, while for others, it should begin no earlier than 5-6 years.

The child is completely ready to start the educational process when:

Correct and coherent speech is observed. He is able to build sentences with ease, and can also express his emotions and desires very accurately.
The kid must master the clarity of pronunciation well before starting training. If, after stepping over the age of five, the preschooler still does not pronounce certain letters, in this case he should immediately be shown to a speech therapist.
Sufficiently developed logical thinking also indicates a willingness to absorb more complex information.
The ability to perceive information for at least 10-15 minutes.
It is necessary to start training only when the parent sees the child's interest in this.

It is important to interest the child

In the modern world, the opinion that literally from the cradle should be forcefully forced to absorb this kind of information is increasingly practiced. This myth is ready to be dispelled not only by doctors, but also by leading child psychologists. According to experienced specialists, a child under the age of 6 is not able to learn to read by syllables and perceive information, both at home and surrounded by specialists.

The thing is that starting training too early can negatively affect not only the psychological state, but also health. Only upon reaching the age of six, the eye muscles become strong, able to withstand such loads. If you start classes earlier than this moment, the child may begin to suffer from myopia.

Important! It is necessary to start classes only when the baby is ready both physically, psychologically, and morally.

Various teaching methods

After the parents have decided on self-study, another equally important question arises: how to find the right technique.

Today, there are a huge number of methods in which parents are simply lost. So, below are a few techniques that will help you quickly master and understand how to teach a 6-year-old child to read by syllables at home.

Primer training

One of the simplest and easiest methods that was still known to grandparents is learning from the Primer. The main principle of the book is a gradual study from simple to complex. First, the child must learn the letters, and then try to pronounce the syllables from them. The book contains a large number of colorful pictures, which turns learning into an exciting game.

To begin with, you should slowly familiarize yourself with all the hard vowels. For a kid, these letters will not seem complicated, and he can easily remember them.

Important! For easy memorization, each letter should be associated with a specific animal, bird or mammal, for example, “A” is a stork, “U” is a snail, and so on. Only after the baby has mastered the material well, you can begin to study some consonants. From these several letters, further try to compose the phrases “MA”, “PA” and others that are well known to the child.

This book will be an excellent guide and help answer the question: how to teach a 6-year-old child to read in syllables at home.

Alphabet "Uramir" by Pavel Tyulenev

The following technique, developed by academician Pavel Tyulenev, will help to overcome this inability in a short time. Training should begin with a special alphabet called "Uramir", it is thanks to the correctly presented information that the child will be able to quickly learn the basics. After this step has been taken, and the information has been well absorbed, training follows with the help of a typewriter, pictures, a computer and special cubes. It is in this sequence, according to Tyulenev himself, that the baby will be able to quickly master new knowledge. Among other things, the author offers his own options for game tasks, with the help of which classes are easy and effective.

How to teach a 5 year old child to read by syllables at home? This question is answered by the following method. Once upon a time, it was developed specifically for children suffering from various brain diseases. The author of this method is Glen Doman. A feature of his training is the duration of the lesson, only 15 seconds. On the day, the baby should sit down for a kind of training about 10-15 times. According to Doman, a child at this age is not able to perceive information for more than the specified time. To date, his method of teaching has been successfully practiced all over the world, not only on sick children, but also on healthy ones.

According to the following method, the presence of any literature is not necessary at all. According to Zaitseva, only special deductive blocks are needed for teaching a child. From them, you can first add syllables, and then whole words. Bright and colorful educational material will delight any kid. The proposed method contains not only game cubes, but also a fairly large number of educational games with them.

Special Reading Cubes

The final method is learning from Zhukova's unique primer. The training program starts from simple to complex. It is necessary to follow the book step by step, and only in this case can one hope for an excellent result.

Based on all the above proposed training options, it becomes clear that the task of how to teach a 6-year-old child to read by syllables is absolutely solvable at home.

Important! It is necessary to independently work out each technique and choose the one that will be easier and closer for the perception of the baby.

All authors agree in one single opinion, you should not drive your child into general standard patterns. It should be remembered that each person is an individual and where a program goes easily for one, it is not a fact that it will go the same way for another.

Each child must be approached individually.

Mandatory preparatory work

After the training program has been correctly selected, it is very important to prepare the child as best as possible for the start of classes.

Learning is best to start in an easy game form, not in the walls of the room. To do this, it is better to give preference to the baby's favorite place, in which he feels happy. It can be a quiet square or a park area. It is during quiet walks that you can already begin to give the first vowels. Thus, the baby will have a correct and pleasant association that learning is a fun game that he will play with pleasure next time.

For starters, you can not use the initial letters in the names of animals. If a child, for example, is closer to cartoon characters, you can play a game with him. Its rules are very simple, the parent and the kid in turn must name their favorite cartoon names with certain letters.

Important learning secrets

In conclusion, I would like to highlight a few small secrets that will help you get through the learning stage easier and get excellent results:

Start studying only if the parent sees that the child is fully prepared.
The main factor should be the child's interest in classes. As soon as he becomes not interested, and he begins to be distracted by other activities, classes should be stopped immediately.
It is imperative to select a method taking into account individual characteristics.
It is necessary to realistically evaluate the capabilities of your child. Never compare with anyone and understand that each person has his own pace of development.
All classes should take place without screaming and any violence, both moral and physical.
Set an example for your child. The more he sees that adult reading is practiced in the family, the better.
To add playfulness to classes, you can play school. The kid, after each lesson, must repeat the material presented through drawings.
Periodically watch video lessons at home that will help improve knowledge and permanently close the sore point of how to teach a 6-year-old child to read in syllables.

By following all of the above tips, you can quickly teach your child to read.

Based on all the above material, it becomes clear that you can easily teach your baby on your own. This will not only have a positive impact on his development, but will also give you the opportunity to spend even more time with your child.

Teaching a child to put letters into words, and words into sentences is not an easy task. On this difficult path, parents will need patience, accuracy and consistency. Today we will answer the main questions: how to teach a child to read by syllables without the help of teachers, and what exercises for teaching reading at home are most effective.

Learning to read: is the child ready to learn to read?

According to psychologists, the best age for learning to read is from 4.5 to 6 years. In practice, a child strives to learn to read at the age of 5 years. It is worth remembering that each child is individual in his development, and if you do not fit into the generally accepted deadlines, this only means that the learning process should be postponed a little.

There are a number of factors that indicate whether a child is currently ready to master the process of reading. Here are the most important ones:

No problems with pronunciation- the child has the correct pace and rhythm of speech, all sounds are set;
No hearing problems- the child does not ask again many times, does not distort words that are easy to pronounce;
Sufficient command of speech- a rich vocabulary, the ability to build phrases and express their thoughts clearly for others;
Developed phonemic awareness- the child can freely distinguish the sounds of speech, reproduce the sounds heard, name the first / last sound in the word;
Free orientation in space- the child clearly knows the concepts of right / left and up / down.

By carefully observing the child, you will notice the moment when he becomes interested in putting letters into words. The child will show familiar symbols on store signs to mom and dad, and one day he will try to read them in their entirety. Of course, in his first attempts, the baby will probably read the word incorrectly, but this is not scary - this indicates that his brain is ripe for learning a new skill.

Known methods of teaching children to read

Methodology	How it works
Doman Method Training	Global reading - such a phrase can be used to characterize Doman's methodology. It provides for learning to read in whole words and relies on the features of the baby's brain. The idea is to surround the child with words written on brightly colored cards/posters (“table”, “chair”, “wardrobe”, etc.). Mechanical memory allows the child to memorize and retain the accumulating volume of simple words. You can start following the technique as early as 5-6 months.
Method of reading by syllables	The traditional method, which from year to year remains the most popular among parents who want to teach their child to read at home. The child first puts the letters into syllables, and then into words. In children older than 4.5-5 years, this method brings a quick result. The material is easily fixed in game tasks. This method of teaching is used in kindergartens and schools, which is a definite plus.
Warehouse reading method	In this technique, not a word is divided into syllables, but sounds are combined into warehouses. For example, the word "cup" will not be read "cup", but "cha-sh-ka". A warehouse can consist of a single letter, a consonant and a vowel, or a consonant and a hard/soft sign. Despite the fact that the technique is very common, there is a possibility that the child will have to relearn at school - after all, they use the method of reading by syllables. The habit of splitting words into warehouses can take root, which will subsequently make it difficult to perceive the text and slow down reading.
Zaitsev Cubes	The technique helps to master the basics of reading through the perception of syllables. A variety of tables, colorful cubes of different colors with fillers take an active part in visual learning to connect letters into syllables. Classes with the help of Zaitsev's cubes are highly effective in group interaction (in kindergartens, child development centers, etc.). The considered technique helps to get the maximum result in the minimum time for those kids who find it difficult to sit in one place.

Moms and dads, seeking to teach their child to read as quickly as possible, should be very delicate in their approach to this important issue. So that the child does not lose interest in reading from the first lessons, we suggest that you get acquainted with relevant tips. They will help in the learning process to instill in the child a love for the book.

Alphabet from an early age

Let a child from infancy "absorb" into himself, like a sponge, the name of the letters in a song-game form. Short memorable rhymes about letters will be deposited in the child's memory, and closer to two years the child will be able to tell them quite consciously. From time to time turn on various songs and mini-cartoons about the alphabet, especially since in such a presentation the letters are remembered effortlessly.

Unobtrusive learning

For a preschooler, the game is the main process through which he learns the world around him, including when mastering skills. Boring classes and cramming will not bring the desired result, moreover, the child may completely stop loving reading. Present information in a warm, patient way, and the child will learn the necessary knowledge at a pace that suits him specifically.

Get busy every day

If you have begun to take the first steps in reading syllables, and they have gone to no avail, it is too early to give up. You can take a break for 1-2 days, and then try again. Did the child manage to read a couple of syllables from vowels? Great, it means that the initial reading skills have been obtained and they need to be developed. Practice regularly, and the result will not keep you waiting.

Engage in reading

Often, learning difficulties arise with those children who were practically not read in childhood, and relatives did not set their own example of reading books. It can be fixed. Stories, fairy tales, children's fiction, interesting to your child, should appear in your house. Make it a family tradition to read a short story before bed. The kid will not refuse parental attention, and an interesting story will stimulate his interest in the book.

From simple to complex

It happens that a child knows the names of letters, but does not know the sounds. A child will not be able to master reading until he learns the pronunciation of sounds well. Do this step by step:

study sounds;
move on to reading by syllables;
teach your child to merge syllables.

Only after passing through these three stages, you can start learning to read full words.

A detailed video with tips from the teacher - learning to read:

First Steps to Reading: Introduction to Letters

To teach a child to read, it is necessary to maintain an interest in books and letters from an early age. As a rule, at 2-3 years old, babies begin to show attention to the alphabet. It is very important for parents to provide the right developing space at this moment.

Visualization

The child will quickly remember the letters if there is a bright poster with the Russian alphabet in his field of vision. The baby points to the letter - say the corresponding sound. You may have to go back to "A" and "B" more than once and repeat them, but this is how the baby will remember them faster. For busy parents, an interactive panel with letters will be a good help - it itself sounds the letter that the child clicks on.

Touch

To memorize the letters of the alphabet, it is important for a child to use touch. To develop the abstract thinking of the baby, invite him to get acquainted with the letters molded from plasticine or cut out of cardboard. Pay attention to the similarity of objects and letters - the horizontal bar looks like a "P", and the donut is a spitting letter "O".

Tea party to the letters

The process of learning letters will be very fun and tasty if you offer your child an edible alphabet. With the help of figured pasta, you can cook Abvgdeyka soup, and for dessert, bake your own hand-made cookies - the alphabet.

Magnetic Entertainment

With the help of a magnetic alphabet, you can turn the process of learning letters into a fun and memorable game. For example, kids 1-2 years old can be lured by simply attaching a letter to the surface of the refrigerator and saying it. "Give me a letter! What do we have? It's the letter A! If the child is already 3 years old, then he will like the game of "magnetic fishing". You need all the magnetic letters in a container, and make an impromptu fishing rod from a stick and rope with a magnet. Having caught a "fish", pronounce its name, drawing an analogy with the word. "It's a fish! Look how she looks like a beetle!”

By keys

Children love to imitate the actions of adults. Let the kid press the buttons in the open text editor - he will be interested in the appearance of letters on the screen. Show how to type the simplest word "mom". You can print the first letter and give it to the child. Even if there is a completely unthinkable combination, this will be a kind of impetus for memorizing the alphabet. Also, to master the letters, you can give the child an old keyboard from the computer “to be torn to pieces”.

Mastering the principle of reading by syllables

Usually children pronounce each sound separately, and this is understandable - they need time to remember what the next letter is called. The task of parents is to help the baby overcome this natural difficulty.

You need to start the exercises with words consisting only of vowels. For example, AU, IA and UA. You need to draw / pick up illustrations for these simple words - for example, a girl lost in the forest (“AU!”), a baby lying in a cradle (“WA!”), And a cute donkey chewing grass (“IA!”). Ask the child not to read the inscription, but simply sing it. You can sing slowly, “pull” the syllable, but do not stop: AAAUUU, IIIAAAA, UUUAAAA.

On a note! Be sure to teach your child to recognize exclamatory and interrogative sentences. Highlight the moment of exclamation with your voice, the baby must distinguish between “Ah?” and "A!"

Do not be afraid to go back to the past, continue to teach your child to read the simplest syllables. When the first sound of a syllable is a consonant, it is more difficult for a child to read it. But, nevertheless, you also need to learn to read it, without it there is no way at school. Let the child “pull” HHH and then add A, O, or U. The boy gives the girl a candy - HHHA (“ON!”). The kid swings on a horse - HHNO ("BUT!"). The girl took her mother's hand - MMMA ("MA!"). Please note that the child may "pull" the first sound long enough to remember the next one.

Important! Do not rush the child if he thinks while reading a syllable that is difficult for him - when he feels the principle of folding syllables, the process of mastering the skill will go much faster.

If the baby did not manage to read the word, then the parent must read it himself, then try to read it again with the child. Then move on to the next syllable. Regardless of success, encourage and praise your little student.

Most primers for children 6-7 years old offer to learn from syllabic tables. They are a list of various syllables that do not have a semantic meaning, but are based on visualized memorization. Example: on the letter “N” the sounds “NA-NO-WELL-WE-NI”, on “M” - “MA-MO-MU-WE-MI”, on “T” - “TA-TO-TU-YOU -TI", etc. Of course, such tables have the right to life, but they are not at all interesting for children. It is absolutely not necessary to force a child to read various “VU” and “VA”, it is quite possible to cope without such outdated methodological material.

Advice! The child should not get tired of reading. In the first month, read syllables no more than 3-4 times a week. Let the lessons go not in a row, but every other day. From the second or third month, you can teach your child to read daily.

Games that help children learn to read

Reading requires diligence and regular practice. To make learning easy, look at the pictures in the books, discuss the situations depicted in these pictures, make up stories based on them. Communicate and talk more with the child - this will help him develop thinking and coherent speech.

To discover the wonderful, interesting and vast world of books, we offer you games for learning syllables, their correct pronunciation and memorization. The exercises in these games are suitable for children from 3 to 7 years old.

Letter learning games	Games for the ability to add syllables	Reading games
Create with your child images of letters with which he can play. They should be bright and memorable. You can independently make cards with letters and animals / objects depicted on them (A - STORK, B - DRUM, etc.).	A simple and at the same time interesting game - "Make a word." At the core: circles with written syllables and pictures that tell the child what word to make. For example, a picture of a river. The child must choose two circles. On the first circle, the syllable PE, on the second - KA. A picture depicting porridge: choose circles with the syllables KA and SHA.	Game "Make a word". The child needs to make a word from jumbled syllables and letters. For example: we create a game situation - granddaughter Masha decided to give gifts to her grandmother and wrote them down so as not to forget. Suddenly a strong wind came up and shook everything. Let's help Mashenka remember what she wanted to give her grandmother, making the right words out of syllables and letters mixed up in places.
To memorize the letter and sound, tell short association verses, for example: A-ist A-zbu-ku li-became, On A-auto-bus o-pos-dal. The Cat is looking at Kar-tin-ku, On Kar-tin-ke Kit swims. O-slick vi-dit O-tra-zha-et their re-ka.	Game "Find the hidden word." It is necessary to lay out a path in front of the child from different words. The task of the reader: to choose what you have guessed. For example, among the words: “cat, swing, chair, carrot”, find a “living” word - an animal, a vegetable, a piece of furniture, children's entertainment.	Game exercise "Read quickly." The child should pronounce the words as quickly as possible: - soaps, soaps, soaps, honey, soaps; - cheese, cheese, cheese, peace, cheese; - saw, saw, saw, linden, saw; - salt, salt, salt, villages, salt; - river, river, hand, river, hand.
Design letters with your baby from improvised materials - pencils, matches, counting sticks or salt dough.	The game "Word in a word" is very interesting for children aged 5-6 years. You need to find a smaller word in a big word, for example, E-LEK-TRO-STAN-QI-YA: CAT, NOSE, TRON, etc.	The game "Name what you see." The meaning of the game - the child must name everything that he sees around him with a certain letter. You can also name animals with a specific letter (CAT, RAT, RABBIT), toys (BALL, CAR), or the names of cartoon characters (CARLSON, KROSH).
Create a coloring book where a certain letter will live on each page. For letters, you can draw a house, or decorate the letter with a pattern starting with it (A- ASTRA, B - SHORE, etc.).	The game "Make a syllable of halves." For the game, you need to write various syllables on cardboard cards, and cut them in half horizontally, then mix them. The task of the child is to collect the cards and read the syllables written on them.	Game exercise "Guess what is wrong." The child is invited to look at the picture, under which the misspelled word is written. The task is to read the word syllable by syllable, find the error and replace it with the desired letter (for example, KO-RO-VA and KO-RO-NA)
To study letters, you can use board games - dominoes, lotto with the alphabet. A parent can make a loto with letters on their own. To make, you will need 8 cardboard cards with written letters, as well as small pictures with letters that the child will call to search on the cards.	Walking games help to understand the principle of reading syllables well. Such games can be purchased or made by yourself, taking ready-made walking games as a basis. In empty cells it is necessary to enter various syllables. On them it is necessary to move the chip. During the game, the child rolls the dice. The kid must read the syllables that are on his way. In the process, sound tracks consisting of 4-6 syllables can be obtained. The one who reads all the syllables faster and gets to the finish line wins the game.	Game exercise "What's on the plate." Before eating, ask the child to say in syllables what food is in front of him. Help pronounce words with a large number of syllables, while setting the pace of pronunciation (KA-SHA, MO-LO-KO, PU-RE, OV-XIAN-KA). One of the interesting variants of this game can be a game of "cook". The task of the child is to make a menu for lunch from words starting with the selected letter, for example "M". If you get few words for one letter, then you can offer to find products in the refrigerator that start with 2 letters, etc.

Note! How to quickly teach a child to read so that he does not get tired of the learning process and does not lose interest? You need to deal with it regularly, but at the same time not for long. For the first lessons, 5-7 minutes will be enough. Gradually, this time can be increased to 15-20 minutes. If you conduct classes in a playful way, it will be easy and not boring for the child to learn the skill of reading.

Exercises with words: we consolidate the skill

As soon as the child learns to merge letters into syllables, parents can be congratulated on half the journey. Now the most important thing is to consolidate the acquired skill. In this case, fun and interesting tasks will be used.

What to play	What to do
Who eats what?	Write in the column the names of the animals: CAT-KA, KO-RO-VA, SO-BA-KA, BEL-KA, KRO-LIK, MOUSE-KA. And to the right and left of the words, draw pictures: fish, grass, bone, nut, carrot, cheese. The task of the child is to read the word and “feed” each pet with the right food with the help of arrows.
Who is extra?	Write a few words in a column: GRU-SHA, YAB-LO-KO, A-ON-US, PO-MI-DOR. Ask the child to cross out the extra word, and be sure to explain your choice. So you can play with the names of vegetables, clothes / shoes, flowers, trees, birds, etc.
Big and small	Write the words DE-RE-VO, GO-RA, GRU-ZO-VIK, JI-RAF, I-GO-DA, CAP-LA, BU-SI-NA at the top of the sheet. Draw two pictures below - a house (large) and a chicken (little). Let the child read the words, and determine which ones are big and small, and connect with lines with suitable pictures (berry, drop and bead - to the chicken, the rest of the words - to the house). Similarly, words can be divided into sweet and sour, heavy and light, etc.
Who lives where?	Mix up the names of wild and domestic animals: WOLF, ELSE, LI-SA, KA-BAN, KO-RO-VA, KO-ZA, CAT-KA, SO-BA-KA, Hedgehog. Under the words, draw a forest on one side, and a village hut with a fence on the other. Let the child read the words and use arrows to depict where each of the animals lives.

Forming the habit of reading books from infancy

At the beginning of this part, we advise you to familiarize yourself with the experience of mom. How to teach a child to read by syllables (video):

Personal example

"A child learns what he sees in his home." The well-known expression comes in handy for the formation of a child's concept of the importance of reading. If the baby often sees his parents and relatives with a book, then reading will become a part of life for him. Let the kid know from an early age that reading is interesting, and a good book may well replace a computer game or watching a cartoon.

Bright illustrations

When choosing a book to start reading, do not forget that pictures are important for children. Thanks to the expressive, bright drawings, it will be easier and more interesting for the child to follow the plot.

Regular reading

Love for books is not formed overnight. If an adult regularly reads small fairy tales aloud to a child, after a month or two the baby himself will show more interest in the works. The first words you read are often the ones on the cover of your favorite book.

Possibility of choice

The child should be interested in what you plan to read with him. Already at the age of 4, a small reader is able to determine how interested he is in this or that book. At this age, it's time for the first trip to the library - let the baby choose the book himself in accordance with his own desire.

TV viewing restriction

Reading, of course, requires certain intellectual efforts from the child. What can not be said about television - it literally takes away the opportunity to dream up, providing ready-made images. You should not completely deprive yourself of watching cartoons, but it makes sense to limit the time spent behind the screen and strictly select allowed TV programs.

Young parents often ask how to teach a baby to read in syllables? At home, without the help of an experienced teacher, you can cope with the task, you just need to know the secrets of learning. Mandatory elements: patience, perseverance, understanding the needs of the child.

The first grade school program is designed for children with basic reading skills. Useful tips will come in handy for parents who want to instill in their son or daughter a love of books.

When to start learning

Do not delay the start of learning if the baby is "ripe" to communicate with the book:

the child speaks enough, builds meaningful phrases, describes the world around him, can clearly express his thoughts;
the son or daughter has no pronunciation/hearing problems. Check if you can pronounce the sound "r", "l", hissing. If problems are identified at an early stage of training, visit a speech therapist. The doctor will prescribe a set of exercises for the development of speech. Sometimes pronunciation is hindered by a short frenulum of the tongue. The defect is corrected within one day;
the son or daughter is freely oriented in the basic directions. Right - left, down - up - these concepts should be known.

Note! It is easier to teach a child to read if parents set a personal example. A child is an inquisitive being. If mom or dad often reads a book/magazine with bright pictures, no child can resist the temptation to find out what their parents are so passionate about. Baby books with colorful illustrations, panoramic books must be at home - a preschooler will be interested in them.

How to teach children to read in syllables

Five important rules:

choose the right moment. Psychological readiness for learning is no less important than knowing the letters of the alphabet. Most children learn to read at the age of five or six. Sometimes a four-year-old baby insistently asks: "Mom, teach me to read." Try it, perhaps your daughter is actively developing, learning is within her power. At the age of 3, it is still too early to start training;
don't force. Too persistent attempts will discourage the desire to read, provoke a conflict. Warm up interest, show by example: it is interesting to read. Tell the kid interesting stories, explain that you learned everything “out of that book”. Do you have a lot of literature at home? Daughter / son will certainly show interest in reading;
suitable alphabet. The first book for learning should be bright, understandable. Many teachers of educational centers, parents recommend N.S. Zhukova and A.N. Tkachenko;
regularity of classes. Be patient, be persistent. Mini-classes should last up to 15 minutes, but take place regularly. According to the behavior, interest of the child, you yourself will see whether to conduct reading lessons daily or every other day. Some children like classes so much that they themselves ask for “something to read” on their own every day, others have to be interested (unfortunately, not always successfully);
do not demand the impossible from the baby. A realistic assessment of opportunities is the key to success. Exaggerated demands, the conditions “you must learn five letters in a week,” and so on, will quickly discourage desire, elevate reading to the rank of a hated activity. Never compare a daughter or son to other people's children who have achieved great success. Resentment against parents, complexes, the consciousness of inferiority will interfere with personal development, seriously lower self-esteem.

Listen to the opinion of teachers, the advice of experienced parents. Follow the rules and your child will certainly learn to read.

first rule. Start learning with sounds (r, k, m), later explain what the letters are (er, ka, um). Children do not understand well why the letter is called "er", and in the word "dew" you need to read "r";
second rule. Learn the syllables right away. Teachers agree with this statement. Many parents were convinced: the child remembers syllables or short words easier than some incomprehensible letters;
third rule. Move from simple to complex. First, teach the children to make sounds. Explain the correct pronunciation immediately. When it is clear that the sounds are different, teach them to repeat them exactly, to read them syllable by syllable. Dosed information - protection from "porridge in the head", mixing new plus recently studied concepts;
fourth rule. Explain the difference between consonants and vowels. Children understand the difference more easily if they show that vowels can be sung. Speech therapists believe: this is a good exercise for developing correct speech;
fifth rule. Be the first to learn the syllables with the letter A. Draw a new character, mold it from plasticine / dough, lay it out from pencils / sticks. Show the child a letter on a large cube, the pages of the primer. Now learn 4-5 consonants, make syllables from them and the letter A. First, this order (open syllables): MA, PA, LA, BA, then “reverse”. Learn closed syllables - AM, AP, AL, AB. Children should understand that with a different position of the letter, the word changes: BA - RAS, AB - RAM;
sixth rule. After studying several vowels and consonants, when the young reader realized that a syllable can be made from two letters, learn to read the simplest words. A good start for training the speech apparatus, consolidating skills: MA - MA, PA - PA, BA - BA. Later, make up words from three open syllables: MO - LO - KO, KO - RO - VA. Choose words that are easy to explain, draw an object. For the initial stage, not abstract concepts are needed, but concrete things, animals, people;
seventh rule. Always fix the result. Repetition of the material covered is a prerequisite for moving forward. Do not proceed to the next step if the child confuses the material learned in the last lesson. Consolidate the material in the form of a game, give up difficult tests so that the son or daughter does not think that they are doing poorly, retain interest;
eighth rule. Encourage the young student. Get a special board, celebrate successes. For each letter learned, put an asterisk for a young fairy, plant a flower on a “flower bed” made of colored cardboard. Perhaps you have your own options for rewards for young learners. Share your knowledge, many parents will be grateful to you.

Little tricks

Experienced mothers share secrets that helped to interest the child. Your task is to make the process of learning to read easy, not boring.

A few tips:

the first words must have the same letters: BA - BA, MA - MA;
if the baby does not understand what a syllable is, say that the letters are connected, because it is easier to create words this way. Offer to repeat a simple exercise. Pronounce a consonant, preferably sibilant, with a drawl, then add a vowel. Example: SHSHSHSH + A - it turns out SHA, XXXX + O, it turns out XO;
when a young student has learned to read words from two open syllables, show the “syllable plus letter” construction: KO + T, RO + T, MA + K. Be sure to accompany the story with a picture, show an object or a living being in the primer. Type constructions: Yu + LA, O + SIL study after memorizing the words of the first type CO + H, BUT + F;
always learn closed syllables (AP) after open ones (PA), leave complex letters: Y, b and b for later. Words in which a syllable consists of three letters, learn only after the son / daughter correctly read simpler constructions. Compare: MO - LO - KO and KO - LO - BOK, CO - BA and CO - WOK, ZHU + K and ZHUCH - KA.

Interesting ideas:

cubes with bright letters will help you remember new characters. Compose syllables and words, ask a small student to find among three to four vowels (consonants) an “extra” consonant (vowel);
while reading, offer the children a beautiful bookmark to make it easier to separate new material from what they have read. With a wide pointer or bookmark, it is convenient to show the desired letter, move it through the syllables when reading. Make a pointer together so that the young reader likes the subject;
a good exercise is to read the advertising signs on shops or cafes while walking. Large letters are easy to recognize (choose a sign without ornate "scribbles");
many mothers advise sculpting letters from dough or plasticine. Look for Alphabet cookies. Some companies produce letter-shaped pasta;
Always keep your classes light and fun. The game helps a lot when you need to remember all the cartoon characters / fairy-tale heroes for a learned letter. For example, R - Turnip, Little Mermaid and so on;
after learning a new letter, come up with as many words as possible with it. It’s too early to play “Cities”, but a child of 4–6 years old can easily indicate the names of animals, dishes, products, the names of cartoon characters;
offer children 5-6 years old to become a "cook". His task: to compose a menu so that dishes begin with a learned letter. If there are few such dishes, ask them to find products in the refrigerator or cabinet that start with K or M;
another game to teach a child to read by syllables. Before eating, ask to read in syllables what the baby has on the plate. Help your son or daughter, pronounce some words together, setting the tone and rhythm: PYU - RE, SU + P, KA - BACH - KI, MO - LO - KO;
school game. A method proven over the years that improves the perception of the material. Of course, the roles change here: the mother is the “student”, the child is the “teacher”. At the request of the teacher, an adult writes a dictation, but without fail, with a mistake. The child must show where the wrong letter is, of course, put an assessment. Don't make too many mistakes so you don't get a "deuce".

A benevolent attitude, patience, love for the child will help to cope with such a difficult task as learning to read by syllables.

Children pass the first acquaintance with letters at home, together with their parents, and they begin to read fully and well after they are 6 years old. The first program for the development of reading and the full preparation of children for school begins in kindergarten. There are many centers for the development of babies that help to fully master the technique of reading and additional homework gives quite successful results. Next, we’ll talk about how to teach a child to read by syllables at home.

How is reading taught?

The child in the course of reading must be introduced gradually and arouse his interest. Be sure to explain why you need to read, what benefits it will bring in the future to the baby. You should not immediately give a lot of tasks and overload with knowledge, it will be enough to study the "ABC" and syllables without drawings that suggest letters.

It is also worth considering that young children do not have a strong concentration of attention, they sometimes just get tired of constant mental work, you can win attention with clear speech and a direct direction to action.

Due to their childhood, some children can switch their attention to more than 10 items. Therefore, you need to select a very interesting ABC so that the baby will certainly like it. There are a number of special books in which the letters stand out in a special way, allowing you to focus all your attention on them.

How to teach a child to read in syllables at home? Where to begin?

Learn with the baby all the main letters, try to have him call them clearly and show them in the pictures. If you additionally draw letters in red on paper, this will also play a role. This color helps to remember syllables and all letters better.
After fully studying the vowels, you can move on to syllables with the addition of consonants, let the child try to repeat after you all the syllables that you pronounce. Composing easy words with repetitive syllables will be a real movement forward and a noticeable progress on the part of the baby.
Try to speak clearly and in syllables with your child so that he catches your every word and can independently repeat simple words: house, smoke, la-la, cat, dog, yard, window, ball, ball and so on.

How to prepare for the development of the baby?

Parental assistance in the development of the baby should be present in everything, because parents still need to allocate at least an hour of their time for full-fledged activities with the baby and reading books with him, the more parents help the child, the more he will have a desire to study further and get everything the necessary knowledge. Develop industriousness in your child - this will help him in his school years. We briefly told you how to teach a child to read by syllables at home, and whether or not to listen to our advice is your right.

The requirements of the modern school make most parents think about teaching their child to read on their own, so to speak, at home.

Some moms and dads are in such a hurry to start solving this problem that they turn to various methods of mastering this skill “from the cradle”.

There are those who take this issue seriously no earlier than 5-6 years old or on the eve of entering school.

In this article, we will try to figure out when and how to teach a child to read in syllables, what factors should be taken into account, what kind of methods exist today, and we will not ignore the personal experience of modern parents. Let's start in order.

Diaper Reading!

Learning from the cradle sounds interesting. Every parent would like to see their child smart, quick-witted, erudite among their peers.

And here comes the method of early development of the baby.

It should be noted that this direction achieves good results.

He is most often approached by newly-made parents of the first children in the family. But if you look deeper into the problem, you begin to pay attention to the opinions of various experts.

Unfortunately, awareness comes later, as the child grows. And many speech therapists, psychologists, educators and even neurologists are unhappy with the new methods. Children who study "from the cradle" have problems with socialization, are often highly excitable and hyperactive.

We are looking for the best way to teach a child to read by syllables, so we will not delve into this technique.

How do you know if your child is ready to learn to read?

According to professionals, there are a number of factors that indicate a child's readiness to learn to read. Among them are:

Connected and lengthy speech.
Clear pronunciation of letters and sounds. If a child pronounces sounds poorly, swallows letters, hisses, then first you need to contact a speech therapist. According to experts in this field, the most favorable age for contacting a speech therapist is not 6-7 years old, but 4.5-5 years old. By this time, the child's speech apparatus is as ready as possible for the correct pronunciation of sounds. Systematic exercises (preferably 3 times a week), daily consolidation of what has been learned at home gives excellent results. After one and a half to two months, your child will speak in a new way. Checked by the author twice.
Developed logical thinking, which in the future will give the child the opportunity to understand patterns, cause-and-effect relationships in the world, social life and interpersonal relationships. For a child of 4-5 years old, this is operating with the concepts “left-right”, “up-down”, “higher-lower”, etc.
The child's interest in learning to read. In my opinion, is a fundamental factor, a huge incentive for learning. But how can this be achieved? The most accessible way is considered to be reading together by adults with children, interesting, systematic, appropriate for the age of the child. Over time, you can use a little trick: an adult, reading to a child, stops at the most interesting, leaving it for the next time. The kid will have a great desire to know the sequel. Gradually, interest is formed. One more moment. According to psychologists and neurologists, children whose parents turned to the book in the first months of a child's life (up to 7 months) love to read much more often than those who did not.
perseverance. To teach something to a child of 4-5 years old, you need to stop his external activity for at least 5-10 minutes. For the first lessons, this will be enough.

Now consider the main methods of teaching a child to read by syllables at home that exist today.

Teaching reading "from the cradle" according to the system of P. V. Tyulenev.

According to the author, it is used to maximize the intellectual potential of the child. The method calls for the creation of a certain developmental environment. There are special allowances for different stages of a child's development. Among them: a special bed - a microschool, sets of cards, miracle letters, etc.

N. Zaitsev's block training methodology.

Classes are held in the form of a game and are designed for children from 2-3 years old. The main unit in this technique is not a sound, but a warehouse (this is the name of a pair of consonant and vowel, or of a consonant and a hard or soft sign, and even one letter).

Using these cubes, the child makes up words and begins to read them. The downside is the need for special equipment, as well as a group of children for the manifestation of the spirit of competition. Classes in cubes are also offered in the method of E. Chaplygin.
Among the advantages, one can note a more compact and financially affordable set, as well as the ability to practice at home, individually.

G. Doman's technique.

Neuroscientist Glenn Doman has developed a methodology for teaching children to read, especially those with brain damage. For classes, cards with words are used, written in large print and bright red. Classes take 10-15 seconds, but there should be several dozen such sessions during the day. Subsequently, the Doman technique was applied to healthy children, who showed excellent results.

Sound-letter technique of D. B. Elkonin.

The classical system, according to which the parents of today's first-graders were trained. It is designed for children 6-7 years old. At the first stage, students are engaged in sound analysis of words for a long period and only then move on to reading and writing. The technique is characterized by laying out words in the form of a sound scheme, divided into cells of three colors (red - vowels, blue - hard consonants and green - soft consonants). Sound-letter schemes are a valuable technique that modern techniques often turn to.

Maria Montessori Method.

Observing children, she came to the conclusion that learning to read should begin with writing, namely capital letters, since circular movements are given to children much easier than straight lines. Hatching is recommended to prepare the hand. The study of the alphabet is based on the tactile method by feeling letters of various textures.

Many other methods (S. Polyakova, O. Soboleva, etc.)

At present, the classical method of teaching using the primer is beginning to take its rightful place. We propose in general terms to consider learning to read by syllables at home according to N. S. Zhukova's primer, supplemented by author's techniques.

So, do not forget that it is necessary to try to eliminate the existing speech therapy problems and start the process with enthusiasm.

Learning to read N. S. Zhukova's primer!

For starters, it would be nice for parents to remember the basics. Sounds, letters, there are 33 of them, divided into vowels and consonants, hard and soft consonants, voiced and deaf.

Let's avoid mistakes. In modern speaking alphabets, children are presented not with sounds, but with the names of letters (“en” - instead of “n”, “cha” - instead of “h”, “el” - instead of “l”, etc.). In the process of reading, the child begins to experience difficulties. Be careful: to learn to read, we study sounds!

In the process of learning, we boldly use various methods: from classical lessons for 10 minutes, drawing with crayons on asphalt, hanging letters written in large print on the walls, and many others at your discretion, to finding the right letter in signboards and shop windows. It is advisable to follow the sequence indicated in the primer. At the initial stage, it is not necessary to know all the letters, a few vowels and consonants are enough. The main thing is to understand the mechanism of merging 2 letters. To do this, we use pictures in the primer. A cheerful boy "runs" from one letter to another. Teach your child to pull the first sound until he “runs” to the next: M-M-M-A-A-A, U-U-U-A-A-A.

We turn to the simplest words (mother, herself, cow). Remind the child to pause between words. From words we move on to sentences, and then to the simplest texts. Do not forget to ask your child questions about the text, look for answers together.

For children aged about 5 years (which is recommended for this technique), 10-15 minutes should be allocated for each lesson. Gradually increase the time to 30 minutes, but remember, everything is individual.

In no case should a child engage in “under pressure”. One of the main tasks of parents is to instill in the child an interest, even a craving for reading. At this age, you can safely use a variety of games. For example, pick up pairs of words that differ in one letter, and ask the child to find the differences. You can also put plastic or wooden letters in the bag, and the little student will call them by touch, or even make a word. To stimulate interest, it is permissible to use online games and programs (“Merry Train”, “Berylyak Learns to Read”, etc.) or ready-made videos and CDs with special lessons.

The kids will love it. These benefits must be used to rest or consolidate the material for a strictly defined amount of time. Since all the excesses of modern technologies can have a detrimental effect on vision and psycho-emotional development.

Parents, remember! It is not so difficult to teach a child to read by syllables at home, it is much more difficult to instill interest and love for reading. Do not be afraid to show your creative abilities, imagination, feel your child, and you will definitely succeed!