3 months swimming. Bathing a child from a week to a month

Six months is one of the significant dates in the life of every baby. It is after this moment that the formation of a full-fledged personality begins. Every day, the little one gets more and more new skills, more and more often it surprises parents with the manifestation of individual character traits.

At 6 months, the child is actively developing in physiological and mental terms. In this regard, there is a change in the daily routine and nutrition. For children at this age, improvement in speech is characteristic, although this happens passively, imperceptibly to others. By six months, the baby knows the voices of mom and dad perfectly, reacts to his name and the names of his favorite toys.

Features of physical development

In order to determine the level of development of a child of 6 months, specialists use special tables. The data will be different depending on the gender of the baby. The boy should have a weight of 6.4 to 9.8 kg, height from 63.3 to 71.9 cm. For a girl, the indicators will be slightly different. Weight - from 5.7 to 9.3 kg, height - from 61.2 to 70.3 cm.

A 6-month-old baby already knows how to independently change position, turning over from his back to his stomach or to a side. The baby is actively preparing to begin to crawl soon: without rising from the surface, it moves slightly forward and backward, spins. He is already reaching for mom or dad, demonstrating that he wants to handle.

Baby skills

What can a child do at 6 months? In fact, the little ones can already do a lot.

The kids were able to sufficiently absorb the coups from the back to the tummy and vice versa.
All children are relieved of severe muscle tension, the so-called physiological hypertonicity, which manifests itself in many infants.
The baby can hold the adult's hand with its fingers, rise from a lying position in the presence of support from the parents.
Some children at this age already know how to sit without assistance.
A 6 month old baby knows how to lie on her stomach with one hand in a bed and grab a toy with the other.
The little ones are constantly trying to crawl on all fours or tighten the body, leaning on their elbows. Movements are most often aimed at approaching a subject of interest.
If the child is supported under the armpits, he is repelled by the legs, making “dancing” movements.
Some babies are already trying to get up, holding on to furniture.

The baby grabs toys with one hand, can shift them into the other. He holds objects in two hands. Children throw and pick up a toy many times in a row, carefully observing this process.
If you hide your favorite toy, the baby starts to search, he is already able to detect the item if it is covered with something.
At six months, the baby plays on its own for 10 to 15 minutes. Of interest is the repetition of actions that work well: unfolding and folding a piece of tissue, opening and closing boxes, and others.
Six months of age is often marked by the appearance of the first tooth. This is usually the central incisor on the lower jaw. At this time, it is worth visiting the dentist for the first time, who will conclude on the development of the jaws.

Features of psychoemotional development

This aspect is very important for the development of a 6-month-old baby, so you should pay attention to it. What can a baby do?

Now crying appears only in the presence of physiological inconvenience. The babble is gradually improved, replenished with new combinations of sounds. Sometimes it gives the impression that the baby is already talking and uttering whole words. However, the child is still only trying to repeat the sounds he heard. To call such an imitation speech early. The development of the baby by the beginning of the seventh month will allow him to absorb up to 40 different sounds.
Now the meaning of the words spoken by adults is becoming more interesting for the baby. He can look with a glance at the toy or object that mom is talking about.
The baby easily recognizes the voices of loved ones even when he does not see them. When he hears mom’s voice, for example, from the hallway, he signals this with a cry.
Most of the kids already in every possible way show their love and affection for their parents, cling to them. As for relations with strangers, the baby at 6 months of age does not experience the same fear as it was before, but keeps his distance.
Thinking of crumbs continues to develop, the formation of the simplest cause-effect relationships takes place. For example, he knows that when an object falls to the floor, a knock is heard, when you click on the button of an interactive toy, music will appear, if he starts to cry, his mother will definitely come. Experts say that it is possible to judge significant changes in the intellectual plan of a child when he has fears. This indicates not only an understanding of the connection of phenomena, but also of their foresight.
A six-month-old child is interested in the practical features of various subjects.

Test to test the development of a six-month-old baby

In order to conduct such a check, it is necessary to implement the following actions.

It is worth attracting the attention of a peanut with a toy and holding it at a distance of 30 cm. He should look at the object, separating it from all the surrounding things.
When the baby is in a lying position, shake a rattle in front of him, and then slowly move it away. A kid with extra support will be able to get up and sit down.
Offer the baby first a bright toy, and then a bottle. The reaction to different subjects should be different. At the sight of food, he will open his mouth or reproduce sucking movements. The toy is revitalizing.
Child development at 6 months. allows him to repeat mimicry movements for his parents: smile, eyebrows.
If often mom and dad call the child exactly by name, then at this age the baby is able to actively respond to this.
When a child holds a toy in his pen, try pulling it toward you. The skills of the little one allow him to hold the subject quite tightly and resist actions that he does not like.

Anxiety symptoms

At 6 months, the development of the baby is quite intense. Parents should carefully monitor its condition and be sure to consult a doctor in the presence of the following features.

The baby does not attempt to sit down, even if they help him.
When parents support the baby under the arms, he is not active and does not "dance."
At 6 months, the baby does not have a reaction to sounds localized in places that are not visible to him.
A baby cannot transfer objects from one hand to another.
Not asking to pick up.

The development of a 6-month-old baby allows him to recognize loved ones, smile at them, babble. If there are no such skills, this serves as a signal for parents.

Feeding

When a child is six months old, it's time to get to know "adult" food. Most often, fruits and vegetables are used for this. It is recommended to introduce complementary foods only after consultation with a specialist who will be able to correctly compose a menu that meets the individual needs of the baby.

Untimely or improper use of complementary foods can have serious negative consequences for children's health. During the first year of life, the digestive system only forms, as does the immune system. Violations of this process sometimes do not appear immediately, but after several years. For this reason, it is necessary with great responsibility to approach the use of additional products for feeding the baby.

How to play with a six-month-old baby?

The normal development of a child of 6 months requires the provision of the opportunity to engage in “research”, which is facilitated by certain subjects:

containers with lids that can be easily opened and closed;
interactive toys that make sounds after pressing a button;
rattles;
a developing item that can stretch or contract.

It is important to teach the child to look for a familiar thing. To do this, ask a simple question: "Where is the machine?" Standing with the baby in front of the mirror, ask where he is and where is mom or dad, and then show him where his reflection is. The little pean should be able to show where who is.

We must not forget about the individual characteristics of the child at 6 months, that the development of one crumb may differ from the abilities of another. Nevertheless, he should have an elementary set of the skills described above. Their formation should be carefully taken care of. This will be the key to his good health, a normal level of intellectual and physical abilities.

Water procedures for many babies are their favorite pastime, it is not surprising because nine months of life spent in the mother’s belly took place in the aquatic environment. However, despite enough time passed, many parents still don’t know how to bathe their baby in 3 months.
To clarify the conduct of water procedures, consider all aspects.

What you need for swimming

Learn to bathe the baby at a certain time, so you can teach the baby to observe the daily routine. This will help you in the future when he starts attending preschool and school facilities.

The air temperature in the room should be + 22 ° - + 23 ° C, and the water temperature should be + 36 ° - + 37 ° C. This temperature is a comfortable condition for bathing the baby.

Before proceeding with water procedures, it is necessary to prepare in advance everything necessary:

indoor, water thermometer;
baby bath;
jug for pouring;
decoction of herbal herbs;
washcloth or bathing mitt from natural fabric;
circle for the neck of the baby;
baby towel;
prepared changing table;
removable clean underwear baby.

What can not be done in the process of swimming

To bath your baby does not turn into a stressful situation, you should not:

bathing should be performed only in a good mood for the baby and parents. Very often, we adults do not reckon with young children, believing that they do not care about adult scandals. No dear, leave your grievances at the door of the children's room. Now you have only one main person - this is your child;
you can not bathe the baby hungry. If you fed the baby, wait 30 minutes, and after that you can start the procedure;
if the baby takes a bath with a bathing device - a circle for his neck, do not leave him unattended! You can not trust the baby and older children, even if they are teenagers;
do not swim with the baby together - this is a violation of all hygiene standards;
do not overheat the baby and make sure that there is no hypothermia;
do not take the baby out of the water by the head, this is fraught with serious injuries of the cervical spine.

Contraindications to swimming

The child should not be bathed in the following cases:

fever;
acute period of the disease;
infectious diseases;
persistent convulsive syndrome;
first day after vaccination.

Bathing script

So, if you are still afraid to bathe your child or your grandmothers, grandfathers decided to give you the opportunity to enjoy your parental life in full, do not worry, a detailed description of the whole process will help to overcome all the difficulties of the process.

The main characters of the action: baby, mom, dad

Chapter 1.
Preparation

Kid: busy according to the daily routine. Playing, talking with dad.
Mom: prepares bathing water, a decoction of herbs, removable underwear, a towel and a diaper for bathing.
Dad: helps pour water into the bath. Talks with the baby, can sing songs, creates a mood for swimming.

Chapter 2
Installation phase

Kid: calm, awake.
Mom: begins to undress the baby, continues emotionally-positive communication. After undressing for 3 minutes, conducts air baths, can do a short massage. Checks the water in the bath.
Dad: Prepares a bath with the required water temperature, pours a decoction. Monitors the temperature of the room. Conveniently has a bath and all the necessary items for swimming.

Chapter 3
Immersion in water

Kid: gradually immersed in water, this is accompanied by a riot of sensations, often familiar, because he spent nine months in his mother’s stomach in the same environment.
Mom: in a clean diaper, puts the baby on a bent arm, the head of the baby is on the elbow. Slowly lowers it into the bath with prepared water, first the legs, then the buttocks, the back, gently moistening the baby's chest. Last but not least, washing my face.
Dad: at this moment he is in the wings, gives his mother everything he needs in a timely manner. Monitors the temperature of the water so as not to overcool the baby. Maintains a good mood during the procedure.

Chapter 4
Bathing

Kid: gets positive emotions, because at this moment he rallies the family more and that's cool!
Mom: with his right hand scoops up water and watered the baby. He washes his face, makes sure that water does not get into his eyes, into his ears.
Dad: monitors the time of the procedure, communicates with the baby, checks the water in the bath.

Chapter 5
Douche

Kid: enjoys swimming.
Mom: gently turns the baby upside down, lifting it from the bath and saying: “Vodichka will make our baby clean, healthy, strong.” At the same time watching the child's reaction to the pouring.
Dad: carefully pours a thin stream of water on the baby from the jug with previously prepared warm water + 37 ° C. Wraps the child in a clean towel and passes it to mom.

Chapter 6
Wiping

Kid: a little tired of water procedures can cry, this is a normal reaction.
Mom: neatly puts the baby on the changing table. Blotting Dries it with movements, transfers it to a dry diaper. He lubricates all the folds with baby oil, then puts on clean clothes and feeds the starving baby.
Dad: tidies up everything after bathing.

Chapter 7
Final: going to sleep

Kid: quietly sniffing in his crib
Mom and Dad: enjoy their child, share their impressions of the performed water procedure. Believe me, at this moment you will sincerely feel like the happiest parents.

reference
In the process of swimming, talk more with the baby, and not just among themselves. At this moment, he develops sensory abilities - visual and auditory reactions. Some parents include pleasant, calm music while swimming. This approach also has a beneficial effect on the emotional status of the child.

As you saw, there are no particular difficulties in bathing a child. The main thing is not to get lost, and when you participate together, the fear quickly recedes. Remember, you are not the first and not the last to bathe your child yourself by reading the article, you will become a “professor” in this matter.

Frequently asked questions from parents:

- Tell me, is it possible to bathe a child in an ordinary bath?

Today, the opinions of experts are divided, some argue that bathing should take place in a separate children's bath in the first year of life, since the child should be fenced from the effects of pathogenic and infectious factors. I think it’s up to you to decide where to bathe your baby, but I still adhere to the teachings of the old school and am a supporter of having a baby bathe in a baby bath.

- A child in 3 months to bathe still boiled water?

No, your baby’s umbilical wound has long since healed, so you no longer need to continue bathing in boiled water.

When we start bathing our baby, he begins to cry, although he still loved water procedures. What could be the problem?

If the child no longer has any changes in the general condition, crying may be due to the fact that once you violated the technique of immersing the baby in the bath, namely, it was sharply dipped. Or the water in the baby bath was excessively warm, which could frighten the baby.

The first two weeks, experts do not recommend bathing the child in the bathroom, as he has not yet completely healed. But when the umbilical cord completely disappears and the umbilical wound heals, the baby can be bathed in the bathroom 2-3-4 times a week in winter and every day in the summer. Most often they are allowed to bathe on the very first day of returning home (if the tuberculosis vaccine was given the day before) or the next day (if the vaccine was given on the day of discharge). The first days after swimming, it is necessary to remove residual water from the navel with cotton swabs.

The bathing procedure can be carried out at any time of the day, preferably in the evening before the penultimate feeding. And try to carry out water procedures at the same time of day. However, if the mother thinks that after bathing the baby is aroused and cannot sleep for a long time, then it is better to bathe the baby in the afternoon.

During the first two to three months of newborn babies, it is recommended to bathe in boiled water, especially if it is taken from the water supply. The temperature in the room or bathroom at the time of bathing should be 23-25 \u200b\u200bdegrees, water - 37-38 degrees. There should be no drafts in the room. A slightly pink solution is prepared for the bath, and dark pink for the treatment of the umbilical wound. Such a "pink" bath the baby should take before the final healing of the umbilical wound. At first, the baby should be in the water for no more than 2-3 minutes, and use soap or foam for bathing no more than twice a week. Sometimes it’s enough to wipe the baby with a damp towel, because the less you affect the baby’s skin with soap, lotions, powders, the better. Babies don't get dirty as fast as we often think.

What is necessary for swimming?

When you start bathing your baby, prepare all the necessary things in advance. Make sure you can all get it. If you have forgotten something, then wrap the baby in a towel and take it with you. Never leave a newborn baby alone in the bathroom!

For bathing you need a towel with a soft pile, a bath with warm water, a washcloth made of terry cloth. Prepare a warm towel, diaper,, vest, cap.

You should have a special bath for; in the shared bath you can bathe children from 6 months. For convenience, you can use special bathing stands.

The first 2-3 months it is not recommended to use bath foam, shampoo, perfumes, as they can cause allergies.
When bathing children older than 3-4 months, you can use special soft sponges.
Babies aged 5-6 months can start washing their hair with baby shampoo (once a week, then more often).
You can bathe your child in water with bath foam after a year.

If the baby's skin has irritation or is too dry, after bathing it is advisable to use a baby cream or oil that softens and nourishes the skin. Children's skin is much softer than adult skin, therefore it requires additional protection and moisturizing. You need to use hypoallergenic products that provide special care and maintain a natural balance, and cosmetics for bathing and skin care of the child will help you with this. Bella baby delphi .

Infants often have various skin rashes, most of which go away after washing with soap. However, if the rash worries the child, his temperature rises, then be sure to consult a doctor.

If your doctor recommended using a powder, apply it first on your hand and then on the child’s skin so as not to shake the powder directly over the child, because many small particles of powder and talcum powder get into the air, which can lead to breathing problems.

Bathing technique

Wiping with a damp towel

When wiping your eyes, use different ends of the towel so as not to transfer germs from one eye to the other. If you have a boy, then, rubbing a penis with a towel, it is not necessary to move the foreskin.

Baby bathing

Pour water into the bathtub to a level of 15 cm, so that the head, shoulders, and chest remain dry in the baby lying in it. Next, prepare a jug of clean water 36 degrees for washing, rinsing.

Undress the baby, hold him in your arms and carefully lower him into the water. The baby should be in the water so that the upper part of his chest is under water, and his head lies on the elbow bend of the bathing hand. With your left hand support your head and back, with your right hand lather the head, shoulders, then arms, legs, genitals, turn the baby on his stomach, lather his back. The body of the child is soaped with a soapy hand or gauze. When the baby is older, you can use soft sponges.

While the baby still cannot swim on its own, support the baby’s head above the water. The head can not be placed under a stream of water due to a possible temperature difference, and it can just scare the baby. When washing a boy, use a mild antibacterial baby soap; the girl is washed with just water.

Then rinse the child with water from the jug. Soap must be washed off from the forehead to the back of the head so that it does not get into the eyes. Start from the back and finish swimming in front. Soap from the baby’s skin should be washed off well, as soap residues can cause irritation.

Now take the baby out of the bathtub, wrap it in a soft soft terry towel and carry it to the place where you have already prepared diapers and care items.

Wipe the baby with blotting movements with a soft cloth, starting from the head. Your movements should go in the direction from the tummy to the back, as otherwise you can transfer bacteria from the rectum to other areas. Do not forget to dry all the folds on the neck, in the armpits, inguinal areas. If the skin after the bath is dry or there is irritation, then you can use baby cream or oil.

Then treat the umbilical wound. Using a pipette, drop (2-3 drops) hydrogen peroxide into the umbilical wound. Remove excess fluid with cotton buds. Using the same pipette, drop one drop of green stuff. And wait until the green leaf dries.

That's all. Now you can dress and then feed the baby.

Comment on the article "Bathing"

It is beneficial for any child to bathe in grass. It’s just that in each situation you need to apply your own version. Baby bath extracts have many types of herbs at the base. From chamomile to lavender. Lavender soothes and helps a child fall asleep. These extracts are a real find for parents. You only need to add 3 caps to the bath and you can swim!

09.11.2012 20:56:30,

everyone is sent to someone somewhere, maybe you can tell me: in what herbs can a child with cerebral palsy be washed at home for general recovery (if cerebral palsy, then this does not mean that you can not heal, harden, bathe in herbs, etc. .d.)? After all, someone from the doctors or parents has such an experience, I just can’t find such a person yet. Regards, Igor, father

10/31/2007 09:25:22, Igor

Total 8 posts .

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Kids love bathing. It gives the crumbs the joy of movement and allows parents to carry out a full toilet of the child. This is extremely important for his well-being and the prevention of skin diseases. The baby’s skin is more sensitive and delicate, its acidity (pH) is less than that of an adult, so it is difficult to resist the effects of bacteria and fungi. Scuffs, diaper rash easily arise.

Also, children's skin contains a lot of water and low fat, which facilitates the penetration of harmful substances into his body. These features dictate the need for daily bathing, especially for children in the first half of life. The water procedure, accompanied by cheerful conversations and songs, will not only temper, strengthen the immunity of the child, but also establish an emotional connection with the parents.

When to start bathing

You can bathe healthy full-term babies daily immediately after discharge from the hospital, being careful not to wet the umbilical wound so as not to cause inflammation, or after the final healing of the navel, when all the crusts disappear (on average this happens in the second or third week of life). If you decide to wait for the navel to heal, wipe the baby’s skin, especially the wrinkles, with a cotton swab dipped in warm water and baby soap during this period, then rinse the soap with another cotton swab and dab the moisture from the baby’s body. Which tactics are best for you to decide. For complete confidence in the right choice - consult a pediatrician.

If you decide to wash the child immediately after discharge from the hospital, use boiled water for this. She cooks and cools to the desired temperature in advance. To disinfect water, use a solution of potassium permanganate. Dissolve a few crystals completely in a glass of warm boiled water. From the resulting solution, add a few drops to the bath until a faint pink color appears. Be careful not to add too much solution, it can dry out baby skin, and in high concentrations cause burns. Make sure that the navel that has not healed does not immerse in water, and immediately soak it after bathing.

After healing of the umbilical wound, bathing water does not need to be boiled. The bath is filled with ordinary tap water of the required temperature. Every day, washing the child in decoctions of herbs, mineral salts or a solution of potassium permanganate is not recommended, since the frequent use of these additives dries the skin and can cause allergic reactions. Only resort to them for medicinal purposes, after consulting with your doctor. If the child has problems with the skin (it is dry and prone to peeling), then it is better to use special bathing foams that already contain herbal extracts (chamomile, marigold), which have an anti-inflammatory effect.

Where and what to bathe

In the bathroom or in the kitchen? Each family decides this question individually, proceeding from the living conditions. The main thing is that the room is free of drafts. The optimum temperature when bathing is about 24-26 degrees C, but not lower than 21 degrees C. The water temperature should be 36-37 degrees C (check with a thermometer, not with your elbow!). Higher degrees can lead to overheating of the baby, he will begin to be capricious, and from a pleasant procedure, bathing will turn into a whole problem. In colder water, the child will freeze, which also does not bode well.

Traditionally, the baby is bathed in a baby bath (galvanized metal, enameled or plastic, anatomical or not). It should be used only for swimming and should not be used for other domestic purposes (do not wash in it, do not soak the laundry). It is convenient when she stands on a stable support, which allows her not to bend low to the child, otherwise her mother gets tired back. Before bathing, pour boiling water over the bath. Of course, you can wash your child in the "adult" bath, but before each bath, be sure to treat it with ordinary soda or a special detergent intended for children's baths.

Bath time

You can bathe your baby at any time of the day (try to do it together with your husband or grandmother to insure), but experience shows that it is best to carry out water procedures in the evening (around 20:00), before feeding, so that after it a well-fed and clean child can safely fall asleep . At the same time, dads who work during the day, get the opportunity to chat with the baby, caress him. If it seems to mom that evening bathing excites the child before going to bed, then arrange a “wash” in the afternoon. The duration of the bath changes with age. Newborn babies should bathe in just 2-5 minutes, and in 3-4 months - 12-15 minutes.

What to cook for bathing the baby:

soft terry towel or terry sheet with a hood;
baby soap in a soap dish or special bathing agent newborns. Use only these special products to wash your baby. They have the optimum acidity (pH) for children's skin, which protects the skin from excessive drying, contain emollients - glycerin, lanolin, etc. It is recommended to use soap in a small amount and not more than 2-3 times a week. On other days, they simply bathe the baby in water;
Use sponge or terry mitt from soft natural materials, and you can soap the child with just a palm;
baby cream;
jar with cotton balls ;
jug for water. After filling the bathtub with water, scoop out a jug from it and place it somewhere nearby, in order to rinse the child with this water at the end of bathing, which has managed to cool down by about a degree. This procedure is an element of hardening;
hair brush with thick soft bristles or a scallop with blunt edges;
water thermometer ;
thermometer for measuring air temperature ;
in advance, on a separate surface where you will dress the baby, lay it out clothes
in the bath you can put special devices for supporting the child - a hammock, "Hill" etc. They are especially convenient for the first time on bathing days, while mom does not yet have the necessary dexterity.

Remember to wash your hands with soap before bathing your baby. Short-cut your nails and remove anything (rings, watches, bracelets, etc.) that could scratch your baby. When everything is ready, undress the child. If necessary, clean the baby’s ass, and carefully, slowly, lower it into the water. No need to rush and make sudden movements, as the baby can be scared. Try to do everything carefully, but confidently, quietly talking to him or singing a song. Carefully lower the child into the bathtub, supporting with one hand (for example, the left) the head and shoulders, and with the other (right) - at the level of the buttocks and thighs.

Water safety

When swimming, you need to remember the safety of the baby. In the supine position, its head should be on your forearm, and your palm of the same hand should support the child in the shoulder joint area behind the shoulder of the baby external to you. So you insure your child against accidental slipping and immersion in water. With your free hand you lather the baby. In the supine position, the baby’s chest is on your forearm; the palm of the same hand holds the shoulder farthest from you. With your free hand you lather the child and insure him in the area of \u200b\u200bthe shoulder blades.

Fragrant soap and fluffy towel

It is necessary to wash sequentially: the neck, chest, stomach, arms and legs, the back and only then the head. Lather carefully with massaging movements so that the foam does not get into your eyes. Thoroughly rinse the folds on the neck, under the armpits, in the groin, elbow and knee bends. Do not forget to open and wash the clenched fists, in which the exfoliated skin cells accumulate and diaper rash can appear.

The head is also soaped carefully so that the foam does not get into the eyes. If a child's eyes get nipped, he will remember this trouble for a long time and will be capricious when he gets into the bathroom. You should wash your hair with water daily, because, as a rule, it sweats up in babies, and wash it with baby soap or a special bathing agent once a week so as not to over dry the scalp.

It is difficult to answer unequivocally the question of at what age you can start using baby shampoo. Some experts believe that up to a year you should wash your hair only with baby soap, others - that you can use shampoo already from 3-6 months of age. But all are unanimous in one thing - the shampoo should be only for children, designed taking into account the structural features of the skin and hair of the child. Such funds have a mild effect and do not pinch the eyes.

Tilt the baby's head back, holding it with the palm of your hand. Pour hair from the face to the back of the head and apply a few drops of shampoo to the hair. Lather and massage lightly. Rinse the foam off gently with washing movements in the same direction. You can wipe your face with a damp cloth moistened with boiled water. If seborrheic crusts (another name for gneiss) have formed on the scalp, then they need to be softened, lubricated about 1 hour before bathing with baby oil, and while bathing, remove with a comb with frequent cloves or a brush.

The crotch of the baby must be washed with soap and water. To avoid urinary tract infections, children should be washed from front to back, especially girls. In girls, carefully and carefully rinse all the folds between the labia, in boys, gently wash the penis (without moving the foreskin), the scrotum, and then the area around the anus. Now you can rinse (front and back) the baby with water from a jug, which managed to cool down by about one degree.

Immediately after bathing, wrap the baby in a terry towel and pat it dry. It is necessary to get wet, and not rub it - first the head, then the body. Skin folds should be especially thoroughly dried. The auricle should be dried with gauze or a thin scarf. Then remove the wet towel and place the baby on a clean diaper. Lubricate all skin folds with baby oil on a cotton swab. Treat inguinal and intergluteal folds with baby cream or a special cream for diapers. If the umbilical wound has not yet healed, then after bathing it needs to be wet. Then drop 2-3 drops of hydrogen peroxide from a pipette, and remove excess fluid with a gauze cloth or cotton swab. Another cotton swab moistened with a solution of brilliant green, treat the navel. Dress the baby and do not forget about the bonnet. Do not remove it until the hair is dry. Further, the child can be fed and laid to sleep.

When swimming is already familiar

By six months, the baby is already getting used to washing, as a pleasant ritual and waiting for him. Bathing can now last 15-20 minutes. It is recommended that the water temperature be reduced by several degrees - up to 32--28 degrees C. At this age, children learn the skill of sitting, therefore it is advisable to equip the bathtub with a special rubber mat so that the child does not slip or with a special bath seat. Then, in addition to washing, the baby can be given the opportunity to splash around in the bathtub, play with rubber or plastic toys.

Under no circumstances leave a child unattended in the bath!

He can reach for a toy and plop down face into the water, he can try to stand up, leaning on the side and fall forward or back, he can bend over the side of the bath, trying to throw the toy thrown to the floor ... The consequences are deplorable, from the fear of water after a sharp immersion in it, to a serious head injury.

When the child has enough, start to wash slowly. Calmly and gently pour water over the baby’s body, gently talk to him. The sequence of swimming remains the same. Washing your hair may become difficult because the child begins to show "character" and refuses to throw his head back, twists it in different directions and you are uncomfortable lathering it so that the foam does not get into your eyes. When washing off the foam from the stubborn, water, even without detergent, can get into the eyes and cause discomfort in them (thread). The kid will begin to rub his eyes with his fists, cry, refuse to wash.

To prevent these “small” troubles, you can use special protective visors, similar to the fields of a hat. They fit tightly on the head and prevent the entry of foam and water into the eyes. At 12 months (if this did not happen earlier), you can proceed to bathing in a large bath. Bathing time increases to 20 minutes or more. Toddlers learn to walk, and will try to walk in the bath. Therefore, in order not to slip, it should have a safety tool - a rubber mat. It is also better to lay a special rug on the floor of the bathtub so that you also do not slip on the wet floor.

Attention to the child during water games should be doubled.

He can not only “dive” under water, but also reach out to various cosmetics, taste them. All excess items that are in the reach of the baby should be removed. The taps should be on the opposite side of the child and tightened up so that he cannot reach them and turn on the hot water. The baby’s head is washed last. He is already sitting in the bathroom, leaning back (on your arm) and throwing his head back. Avoid getting soapy water in your eyes and ears. Water should drain from the forehead to the back of the head. Particularly swiveling, you can continue to wear a special visor.

Two year old bathing

By the age of two, swimming turns into a fun game. A child frolic in the water, plays with toys, launches boats and spills water, so rubber bath and floor mats are also relevant. Bathing at this age is best done in the evening after a walk. The kid moves a lot, plays on the street in the sand, on the grass and comes home dirty. The air temperature in the bathroom can drop to 21 degrees C, and the water temperature remains the same - 32--28 degrees C. The duration of bathing increases to 30 minutes, since most of this time is spent on water games.

A two-year-old baby is very curious, he imitates adults, actively acquires new skills. From this age, you can begin to teach your child to wash independently. Let him help mom wash herself. Give him a small washcloth, and he will be happy to lather his arms and legs. And you are in the same sequence as before (neck, stomach, arms, legs, back, head), lather it. Do not leave your child unattended for one second, do not give in to the temptation to think that the baby has already grown and attention can be weakened.

At this age, you can already use baby bath foam and bath gel for babies for swimming. Do not put cosmetic salts in the baby bath, as they can cause allergic reactions on delicate baby skin. The use of soap increases up to three times a week, depending on the degree of pollution of the child. Bathing also ends with dousing with clean water a few degrees lower than bath water. You can drench the peanut with water from the shower.

It is recommended to lower the temperature of the water for pouring gradually by 1 degree per week, bringing it to 21 degrees C. This will serve as a powerful hardening factor. After bathing, the baby is covered with a large terry towel or put on a bathrobe, wiping, including the head and natural folds. You can dress the child in the room, in the same place dry his hair with a hairdryer and comb it. Now prepare him for bed.

If a child is scared of water ...

Pour warm water into a large bowl and let it play with toys - bright waterfowl ducklings, frogs, plastic cups, with which you can pour water back and forth. Let him splash his arms, gradually forgetting about his fear. Invite him to wash his handkerchief, wash his favorite typewriter, dollware or his favorite plastic toy. Together with him, wash the doll’s head, focusing on the fact that the doll is not afraid and does not cry. Blow bubbles, etc. As a last resort, for a while replace bathing with rubdowns. Wipe the baby with a wet diaper so as not to aggravate his fright. Try to bathe the baby in another room without pouring a lot of water into the bath ...

Bath toys

The trading network today offers a great variety of bathing toys from classic ducks, boats, spray-toys, mechanical clockwork animals who can swim to rubber books for the bathroom. Children are happy to catch a fishing rod or a net of fish in the bathroom, ride bears in a boat, they like to water from a watering can on themselves, on you, on the floor ...

Bathing for a newborn baby and his parents is a whole event (especially if it is the first after the hospital). Like any very responsible business, this process raises many questions: how and when to bathe, boil water or not, whether it is possible to add decoctions of herbs and how often to do it, is it dangerous to get water in your ears and so on. The famous pediatrician Yevgeny Komarovsky in his books and articles has repeatedly talked about the basic rules and principles of organizing water procedures for the baby.

It is worth considering the most important points that you should know in order for bathing to bring pleasure and benefit to both the child and his parents.

Features

Water procedures are useful for absolutely all babies from the very first days of life.In the womb, the crumbs are in the aquatic environment, but because it is for them is familiar and native. In the water, the little one feels at home. Bathing is not only a hygienic procedure aimed at ensuring that the skin and hair of the child are clean. Bathing promotes physical development, carries an element of the game, and therefore has a positive effect on the mental and emotional development of the baby.

A few decades ago, pediatricians categorically forbade bathing a child with an unhealed umbilical wound, opposed raw unboiled water and established quite a few rather stringent requirements and restrictions for parents.

Modern doctors look at swimming more democratically.

Parents with experience, as a rule, experience much less difficulties during the first bathing of a newborn at home than newly made moms and dads who only a few hours ago got their firstborn in their arms. Komarovsky advises to keep Spartan calm. It is it that guarantees success in the difficult task of bathing crumbs.

Preparation

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Should I bathe with an unhealed umbilical wound?

This question arises quite often.Some pediatricians allow swimming even with a clothespin on the navel, others recommend that you refrain from taking water procedures until the umbilical cord dries. Evgeny Komarovsky says that the choice is, of course, for the parents. However, if the child is kept in acceptable living conditions, does not sweat, does not overheat, does not get dirty, then nothing bad will happen to him if the baby does not bathe for a week or two. This does not bother him. If anyone is bothered, it’s only mom and dad, but in this case there are wet baby sanitary napkins that can be used to wipe problem areas and wrinkles at any time.

However, if you still decided to bathe, then before the healing of the umbilical wound, the doctor advises to do this exclusively with boiled water.

For a long time, doctors advised swimming in water with a solution of potassium permanganate. However, one must be extremely careful here, insoluble particles of potassium permanganate can cause serious burns on the delicate skin and mucous membranes of the baby. The solution should be pale pink, and should be added to the water immediately before bathing. Komarovsky does not recommend potassium permanganate at all, since in small doses it is useless, and in large doses it is dangerous. Replace it better infusion of a series.

Massage

Massage before an evening bath is a very useful and important procedure, says Yevgeny Komarovsky.During stroking and patting, the blood supply to the muscles and skin improves, and the benefits will be even more noticeable if you immediately bathe the baby after manipulation. To master a simple massage is possible for all parents without exception. You do not need to sign up for special courses.

Massage in front of the bath Komarovsky recommends doing light and soothing. First, with a baby cream, mom can easily massage the handles (with strokes and circular movements, this should be done with the thumbs). Then the legs are massaged in the same way. The tummy is stroked with the palm or fingertips clockwise. Then they lay the crumbs on the tummy and gently massage the back - first with circular and arched movements, and then light pats.

Mom’s movements should not hurt the baby, he should not go to the bath too overexcited and shouted from the heart.

Water temperature

Doctors recommend keeping the temperature at 37 degrees. It should be adhered to at least the first 10-14 days. Then you can experiment - slightly raising or lowering the temperature (maximum - 1 degree).

Some parents try to preheat the bathroom in advance, bring heaters into it (especially in those cases when the first bathing at home takes place in winter). Komarovsky does not advise doing this. The temperature in the bathroom should be about the same as in the rest of the apartment (optimal values \u200b\u200bare 18-20 degrees), and it is harmful to overheat the air in the bathing room.

Komarovsky for a good night's sleep advises to practice swimming in cool water, the temperature of which is no higher than 32 degrees.

Such procedures will not do any harm, but the general strengthening effect will be obvious, moreover, in a cool bath it is more difficult for a child to fall asleep during bathing. However, do not immediately rush to comply with this recommendation. This should begin gradually. The initial water temperature for the newborn is 34 degrees. In a month, a child can lower it by 2 degrees - up to 32 degrees, and increase the bathing time from 15 minutes to half an hour. In two months, the temperature of cool water can be lowered to 28-30 degrees, bathing time - half an hour.

Komarovsky advises to perceive these figures rather conditionally. If a baby at 1 month calmly takes bathing in water, the temperature of which is 24 degrees, there is nothing wrong with that. He sleeps well, has a great rest, is less worried about himself and gives his parents a good night's sleep.

Time

The first bath should not be done very long. It is better to start from 3 minutes, the next day to extend the procedure to 5 minutes, then add a little more time. The best duration of swimming Komarovsky considers 15-20 minutes. If a quarter of an hour has passed and the baby is calm and determined to continue the procedure, nothing bad will happen if the bath is prolonged.

The newborn does not have time to get so dirty that it was necessary to bathe it every day.

Although Komarovsky strongly advises washing the crumbs every day. When the baby begins to crawl, get dirty, actively explore the world, water procedures at bedtime should become regular and mandatory - the baby will have to bathe daily.

Komarovsky thinks that evening swimming is not a dogma. Parents themselves have the right to choose the most convenient bathing time for the family. Some evening hygiene procedures are carried over to lunch time. However, Komarovsky warns that evening bathing has its advantages - for example, it promotes relaxation for a sound and healthy night's sleep.

Herbs and decoctions

Whatever folk healers say, it is better to coordinate any use of herbal remedies when bathing with the attending pediatrician. Grandmothers, of course, will advise more often to bathe the granddaughter in a series or to make him nine-force, but the common sense of the parents should be above all. If the child suffers from atopic dermatitis, he has diaper rash, a tendency (genetic) to allergies, be sure to consult a doctor.

For healthy children, bathing with the addition of decoctions of herbs is a rather useful procedure, says Yevgeny Komarovsky. However, the measure is good in everything, you should not cook herbal baths daily, and you should be more careful with the dosage of decoctions and infusions.

Naturally, treating something with the help of herbal decoctions added with water will not work, because this is impossible, says Dr. Komarovsky. But great harm with moderate dosing will not happen.

What if the child does not like to wash and scream?

Such situations occur, says Komarovsky. But the point here is not at all the child, and not even that he is afraid of something. Most likely, according to the famous pediatrician, bathing conditions should be adjusted. Maybe the temperature of the water does not suit the baby - it is too high or too low for him. After experimenting for several days, parents will be able to understand which water is most comfortable for the child. Bathing should begin with it - and only then regulate the temperature in favor of cooling (adding a fine stream of cold water) or heating (adding hot in the same way).

Another reason for the children's cry in the bathroom, according to Komarovsky, is the rejection of the baby’s bathing process, since it runs counter to his internal biological clock.

For example, the mother tries to bathe the baby only at night, and it is at this time that the child wants to sleep, not bathe. Therefore, Komarovsky gives some tips that will help parents whose children are scandalized in water:

Change the time of day.

Change the order of food and swimming. If the baby cries when bathing half an hour after eating, then try bathing him half an hour before eating (or vice versa).

Practice swimming with your child.

Large bath

This can be done as early as 2-3 months, says Yevgeny Komarovsky. At first, the child can be mastered in a large body of water with a circle on his neck. This is a special inflatable device with a notch for the chin and Velcro on the neck at the back. The kid is fixed in such a circle, his head is always above the water, and he can practice swimming on his back, stomach, independently turning over in the water. Usually this picture leads parents of crumbs in an indescribable delight.